CAJ | 학술논문

　　背景：利用三维有限元法的变分原理和加权技术，可将具有复杂形态结构的人类牙齿模型化，有利于了解动态过程中牙体硬组织和修复体的应力分布。目的：综合分析近年来口腔领域的国内外学者对修复体生物力学的三维有限元研究状况，特别是金属基底冠、瓷层厚度、根管预备及充填对牙体应力变化的影响。方法：由第一作者应用计算机检索1993年4月至2012年9月PubMed数据库及2001至2008年中文期刊全文数据库、维普数据库有关三维有限元法分析金属基底冠、瓷层厚度、根管预备及充填方式对牙体应力变化影响的文章，英文检索词为”porcelain-fused-to-metal, finite element method, stress analysis, root canal”，中文检索词为“烤瓷熔附金属全冠，三维有限元法，应力分析，根管”。排除重复性研究及Meta分析，共保留40篇文献进行综合分析。结果与结论：三维有限元法在口腔医学中对建立高真实度和精确度的模型有着重要的意义，因此对牙体的根管治疗和治疗后修复提供了有效的生物力学信息。有关牙体与修复体在应对咀嚼作用时的应力分布在不断地探索与研究。文章总结了口腔领域国内外学者利用有限元法分析桩核冠修复体的应力变化，为将来进一步的研究提供了参考和借鉴。结果显示，三维有限元法能够建立具有非线性，各向异性等生物力学特征的三维有限元模型，能够逐渐完善其从静态分析到动态分析的转变，以真正达到精确模拟口腔生物学形态及牙齿咀嚼功能的目的。
　　배경：이용삼유유한원법적변분원리화가권기술，가장구유복잡형태결구적인류아치모형화，유리우료해동태과정중아체경조직화수복체적응력분포。목적：종합분석근년래구강영역적국내외학자대수복체생물역학적삼유유한원연구상황，특별시금속기저관、자층후도、근관예비급충전대아체응력변화적영향。방법：유제일작자응용계산궤검색1993년4월지2012년9월PubMed수거고급2001지2008년중문기간전문수거고、유보수거고유관삼유유한원법분석금속기저관、자층후도、근관예비급충전방식대아체응력변화영향적문장，영문검색사위”porcelain-fused-to-metal, finite element method, stress analysis, root canal”，중문검색사위“고자용부금속전관，삼유유한원법，응력분석，근관”。배제중복성연구급Meta분석，공보류40편문헌진행종합분석。결과여결론：삼유유한원법재구강의학중대건립고진실도화정학도적모형유착중요적의의，인차대아체적근관치료화치료후수복제공료유효적생물역학신식。유관아체여수복체재응대저작작용시적응력분포재불단지탐색여연구。문장총결료구강영역국내외학자이용유한원법분석장핵관수복체적응력변화，위장래진일보적연구제공료삼고화차감。결과현시，삼유유한원법능구건립구유비선성，각향이성등생물역학특정적삼유유한원모형，능구축점완선기종정태분석도동태분석적전변，이진정체도정학모의구강생물학형태급아치저작공능적목적。
BACKGROUND:Based on variational principle and weighting technology of three-dimensional finite element method, human teeth with a complex morphology can be modeled, which helps to understand the stress distribution of dental hard tissue and prosthesis during the dynamic repair process. OBJECTIVE:To comprehensively analyze the three-dimensional finite element studies concerning biomechanics of dental prostheses, focusing on the effects of metal crown, porcelain thickness, root canal preparation and fil ing on the tooth stress. METHODS:A computer-based search of PubMed (1993-04/2012-09), China Academic Journal Network Publishing Database (2001-2008), and VIP (2001-2008) was performed by the first author to retrieve articles concerning the effects of metal crown, porcelain thickness, root canal preparation and fil ing on the tooth stress. The keywords were“porcelain-fused-to-metal, finite element method, stress analysis, root canal”in English and Chinese. Articles with repetitive contents or meta-analysis were ruled out. Then 40 articles were suitable for further analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Finite element method has important significance to establish high-fidelity and high-accuracy models in oral medicine, thereby providing effective biomechanical information for the root canal treatment and post-treatment repair. Scholars continue to explore the stress distribution of dental prostheses during chewing. This review summarizes the stress changes of post and core crowns, supporting reference for further research. Three-dimensional finite element method can be used to build nonlinear three-dimensional finite element models with anisotropic biomechanical characteristics, and can gradual yimprove the transition from static analysis to a dynamic analysis, truly achieving accurate simulation of oral biology and dental morphology as wel as chewing function of the teeth.