CAJ | 학술논문

　　目的了解高中生招飞学员肺功能水平，为飞行员选拔提供依据。方法对2011年招飞初检合格的169名应届高中毕业生进行肺功能测定。测定指标包括常规肺容量、常规通气量指标。结果①肺功能指标完全正常者97例，占57.40%。72例异常肺功能的测试者中，单纯肺容量指标异常者52例，占72.22%。所有受试者肺活量(VC)均在正常范围之内。②肺通气量下降（FEV1/ FVC<80%预计值，且FEV1%<80%预计值为标准）8例，发生率占肺功能异常者11.11%，明显低于肺容量异常的测试者（P<0.05）。③单纯小气道功能下降者（以MMEF、FEF50%、FEF75%三者均<80%预计值为标准）9例，占肺功能异常者的12.50%，明显低于肺容量异常的测试者（P<0.05），但和通气量下降者相比差异无显著性（P>0.05）。④肺容量和肺通气量同时异常者共3例，占肺功能异常者的4.17％，发生率显著低于单纯肺容量下降者、肺通气量下降者及小气道功能下降者（P<0.05）。结论①招飞初检合格者中部分学员肺功能下降；其中以肺容量指标VT、IRV下降较为突出，推测与当代高中生活动量少、体育训练不足有关。通气功能下降者发生率较低，表现为大、小气道功能均有下降，大、小气道功能下降一般多伴随有呼吸系统症状。②在目前招飞体检中，肺功能检查非常规检查项目，仅对呼吸系统疾病史进行询问及胸片检查，不足以鉴别和发现肺功能良好及肺功能异常的学员。如在招飞体检中纳入肺功能检查，并根据其肺功能状况不同，分别给予选择性的训练计划，可提高出飞率，减少停飞率，对提高飞行适应性有着重要意义。
　　목적료해고중생초비학원폐공능수평，위비행원선발제공의거。방법대2011년초비초검합격적169명응계고중필업생진행폐공능측정。측정지표포괄상규폐용량、상규통기량지표。결과①폐공능지표완전정상자97례，점57.40%。72례이상폐공능적측시자중，단순폐용량지표이상자52례，점72.22%。소유수시자폐활량(VC)균재정상범위지내。②폐통기량하강（FEV1/ FVC<80%예계치，차FEV1%<80%예계치위표준）8례，발생솔점폐공능이상자11.11%，명현저우폐용량이상적측시자（P<0.05）。③단순소기도공능하강자（이MMEF、FEF50%、FEF75%삼자균<80%예계치위표준）9례，점폐공능이상자적12.50%，명현저우폐용량이상적측시자（P<0.05），단화통기량하강자상비차이무현저성（P>0.05）。④폐용량화폐통기량동시이상자공3례，점폐공능이상자적4.17％，발생솔현저저우단순폐용량하강자、폐통기량하강자급소기도공능하강자（P<0.05）。결론①초비초검합격자중부분학원폐공능하강；기중이폐용량지표VT、IRV하강교위돌출，추측여당대고중생활동량소、체육훈련불족유관。통기공능하강자발생솔교저，표현위대、소기도공능균유하강，대、소기도공능하강일반다반수유호흡계통증상。②재목전초비체검중，폐공능검사비상규검사항목，부대호흡계통질병사진행순문급흉편검사，불족이감별화발현폐공능량호급폐공능이상적학원。여재초비체검중납입폐공능검사，병근거기폐공능상황불동，분별급여선택성적훈련계화，가제고출비솔，감소정비솔，대제고비행괄응성유착중요의의。
Objective We aimed to investigate the lung function level of cadet candidates, and provide basic data for pilot selection. Methods The lung function data of 169 cadet candidates from June 11th, 2011 to July 1st, 2011 were analyzed. Determination of indicators included:lungcapacity and pulmonary ventilation airways function.Results ①Among of the 169 pilot candidates, lung function of 92 candidates was absolutely normal, accounting for 57.40% of the total(92/169).Lung volume of 72 candidates was abnormal, among whom VT and IRV were the mostly abnormal. VT<500ML contained 17 cases, accounting for abnormal lung function by 23.61%(17/72); IRV<2100ml contained 17 cases, accounting for abnormal lung function by 23.61%(17/72); ERV <900ml contained 2 cases, accounting for abnormal lung function by2.78%(2/72) ; both IRV and IC were abnormal at the same time containing 10 cases, accounting for abnormal lung function by 13.89%(10/72). VT, IRV and IC were abnormal at the same time containing 6 cases, accounting for abnormal lung function by 8.33%(6/72).VC was within the normal range accounting for abnormal lung capacity by all of pilot candidates. ②Both large and small function airway decreased containing 8 cases. The incidence of pulmonary function abnormalities was 11.11%, significantly lower than the abnormal lung capacity test (P<0.05).③Decrease of small airway function (MMEF, FEF50%, FEF75% and all of them were<70% of the prediction value of standard) contained 9 cases, accounting for 12.50% of the abnormal lung function. ④Both lung volume and pulmonary ventilation function were abnormal. Total abnormal pulmonary function 3.17% Incidence rate was significantly lower than that of pure decreased lung capacity. Conclusions ①Although chest x-ray and physical examination of the pilot candidates were normal, 42.60% of those people's lung function test results were abnormal. It might be speculated that the contemporary students of high school might lack physical training and momentum. By the lung function test, the kind and nature of the abnormal lung function test among those pilot candidates could be understood in details. ②In the recruitment work, the respiratory system disease history of pilot candidates should be carefully asked. The lung function test not only could provide the basis data for the pilot selection, but also give a target exercise prescriptions to those groups basis on the lung function test, and supply the different training types and training intensity to the different people.