CAJ | 학술논문

　　紫茎泽兰是目前我国危害最为严重的外来人侵杂草，入侵后对我国西南地区农业、畜牧业以及生态环境造成严重的破坏。通过田间试验评估了不同除草剂对不同生育期紫茎泽兰的防治效果以及对紫茎泽兰开花结实的影响，筛选出系列即保证不完全杀死紫茎泽兰，又能有效抑制紫茎泽兰开花结实化学药剂，即达到了控制紫茎泽兰的种群密度，又能有效的减少紫茎泽兰种子孕藏量，防止其蔓延扩散。研究结果表明克芜踪、草胺膦、氨氯吡啶酸和盖灌能可有效的防除紫茎泽兰，其中克芜踪、草胺膦药效作用快，持效期相对短，而氨氯吡啶酸和盖灌能在施药360 d后药效仍能维持在90%以上。甲嘧磺隆315~630 g?hm-2和苯嘧磺草胺157.5 g?hm-2药后90 d密度防效也都在50%以上。使阔得对紫茎泽兰的防治效果不太理想，二甲四氯基本无效。通过比较这8种除草剂可以看出，采用苯嘧磺草胺157.5 g?hm-2、甲嘧磺隆315~630 g?hm-2即能有效的抑制紫茎泽兰的开花结实，又能很好的控制紫茎泽兰的发生密度。在紫茎泽兰的重灾和扩散蔓延区，使用这两种药剂能够发挥较好的生态调控的效果。此外除草剂在紫茎泽兰营养生长期药效要优于生殖生长期。
　　자경택란시목전아국위해최위엄중적외래인침잡초，입침후대아국서남지구농업、축목업이급생태배경조성엄중적파배。통과전간시험평고료불동제초제대불동생육기자경택란적방치효과이급대자경택란개화결실적영향，사선출계렬즉보증불완전살사자경택란，우능유효억제자경택란개화결실화학약제，즉체도료공제자경택란적충군밀도，우능유효적감소자경택란충자잉장량，방지기만연확산。연구결과표명극무종、초알련、안록필정산화개관능가유효적방제자경택란，기중극무종、초알련약효작용쾌，지효기상대단，이안록필정산화개관능재시약360 d후약효잉능유지재90%이상。갑밀광륭315~630 g?hm-2화분밀광초알157.5 g?hm-2약후90 d밀도방효야도재50%이상。사활득대자경택란적방치효과불태이상，이갑사록기본무효。통과비교저8충제초제가이간출，채용분밀광초알157.5 g?hm-2、갑밀광륭315~630 g?hm-2즉능유효적억제자경택란적개화결실，우능흔호적공제자경택란적발생밀도。재자경택란적중재화확산만연구，사용저량충약제능구발휘교호적생태조공적효과。차외제초제재자경택란영양생장기약효요우우생식생장기。
Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng is one of the worst invasive alien plant to China. Once it invaded, it brings great harm to the local farm, husbandry, as well as the ecological environment, especially in the Southwest of China. The control efficacy and influence of herbicides on flowering and fructification of E. adenophorum at two different growth stages were evaluated in our study. The results indicated that paraquat, glufosinate, picloram and garlon showed effective control on E. adenophorum. Paraquat and glufosinate provided fast weed control with short duration of efficacy but the efficacy of picloram and garlon lasted for 360 days after the herbicide application while maintaining the efficacy at 90%. The control efficacy of sulfometuron-methyl 315-630 g?hm-2 and saflufenacil 157.5 g?hm-2 were also over 50% after 90 days of herbicide application. Sekator did not show good control efficacy and MCPA showed little control efficacy towards E. adenophorum. Flowering and fructification of E. adenophorum were strongly inhibited after application of sulfometuron-methyl 315-630 g?hm-2 and saflufenacil 157.5 g?hm-2, which also provided a comparatively good control on density of E. adenophorum after these 8 herbicides were compoared. Application of sulfometuron-methyl and saflufenacil would provide good ecological control in heavily invaded and proliferation regions of E. adenophorum. Moreover, herbicides provided a better efficacy at vegetative stage compared to reproductive stage of E. adenophorum.