CAJ | 학술논문

　　目的探讨平顶山市流行性脑脊髓膜炎流行特征，为完善预防控制措施，有效控制流脑流行提供理论依据。方法对《平顶山市疫情资料汇编》及流行性脑脊髓膜炎监测报告资料等进行描述分析。结果1957-2011年平顶山市流脑发病总体呈下降态势，期间年平均发病率为4.33/10万，年平均病死率为5.03%，发病以10岁以下年龄段为主，主要集中在7岁以下28例，占40%；15岁以上发病16例，占22.86%，发病随着年龄的增长有逐渐上升的趋势。以学生及散居儿童为主，占87.14%；县（市）发病高于城区；发病呈现明显的季节性，即使在疫苗后时期，疫情仍有周期性波动迹象；2009年发现C群流脑病例，但病例较少，呈高度散发。结论平顶山市流脑发病率呈明显下降趋势，但近年有流行优势菌群变化的可能，提高儿童流脑疫苗的有效接种率是控制流脑流行的关键。
　　목적탐토평정산시류행성뇌척수막염류행특정，위완선예방공제조시，유효공제류뇌류행제공이론의거。방법대《평정산시역정자료회편》급류행성뇌척수막염감측보고자료등진행묘술분석。결과1957-2011년평정산시류뇌발병총체정하강태세，기간년평균발병솔위4.33/10만，년평균병사솔위5.03%，발병이10세이하년령단위주，주요집중재7세이하28례，점40%；15세이상발병16례，점22.86%，발병수착년령적증장유축점상승적추세。이학생급산거인동위주，점87.14%；현（시）발병고우성구；발병정현명현적계절성，즉사재역묘후시기，역정잉유주기성파동적상；2009년발현C군류뇌병례，단병례교소，정고도산발。결론평정산시류뇌발병솔정명현하강추세，단근년유류행우세균군변화적가능，제고인동류뇌역묘적유효접충솔시공제류뇌류행적관건。
Objective The study was designed to understand the epidemiological characteristics of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis and explore strategies for the prevention and control measures in Pingdingshan. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic situation and monitoring data. Results A decreasing trend in the morbidity of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis was observed from 1957 to 2011. The annual morbidity was 4.33/100000,and the annual fatality rate was 5.03%. Children under the age of 10 were the susceptible population. 28 cases were the children under the age of 7, accounting for 40.00%,and 16 cases were the children above the age of 15, accounting for 22.86%. The morbidity increased with the rise of age. Pupils and scattered children contributed the most to caseload, accounting for 87.14%. The morbidity was higher in rural area. It showed the obvious seasonal characteristic. Even in the post-vaccine era, there was periodical lfuctuation of the epidemic pattern. There were sporadic cases of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis caused by serogroup C in 2009. Conclusion The morbidity of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis has been steadily decreasing in Pingdingshan, but the serogroup-distribution could change. The immunization rate should be improved further for the prevention of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis.