北京科技大学学报(社会科学版)
北京科技大學學報(社會科學版)
북경과기대학학보(사회과학판)
JOURNAL OF UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY BEIJING(SOCIAL SCIENCES EDITION)
2013年
3期
104-108
,共5页
中国共产党%知识分子%阶级属性%“皮毛论”
中國共產黨%知識分子%階級屬性%“皮毛論”
중국공산당%지식분자%계급속성%“피모론”
Chinese Communist Party%intelligentsia%class nature%Epidermis Hair Thought
1956年前后,中共党内高层对知识分子问题的认识和政策经历了一个复杂曲折的过程。党内以周恩来为代表的高层对知识分子的认识和政策不能为毛泽东所完全认同。毛泽东基于他的知识分子的“皮毛论”观点,注重从世界观上根本改造知识分子,倾向于培养无产阶级自己的知识分子。周恩来注重从知识分子的功能和国家建设的需要来看待和改造知识分子。“皮毛论”观点具有历史局限性,且易为现实所利用和扭曲。现代社会应大力提倡知识分子具有更多的公共性,同时尊重他们的相对独立性。
1956年前後,中共黨內高層對知識分子問題的認識和政策經歷瞭一箇複雜麯摺的過程。黨內以週恩來為代錶的高層對知識分子的認識和政策不能為毛澤東所完全認同。毛澤東基于他的知識分子的“皮毛論”觀點,註重從世界觀上根本改造知識分子,傾嚮于培養無產階級自己的知識分子。週恩來註重從知識分子的功能和國傢建設的需要來看待和改造知識分子。“皮毛論”觀點具有歷史跼限性,且易為現實所利用和扭麯。現代社會應大力提倡知識分子具有更多的公共性,同時尊重他們的相對獨立性。
1956년전후,중공당내고층대지식분자문제적인식화정책경력료일개복잡곡절적과정。당내이주은래위대표적고층대지식분자적인식화정책불능위모택동소완전인동。모택동기우타적지식분자적“피모론”관점,주중종세계관상근본개조지식분자,경향우배양무산계급자기적지식분자。주은래주중종지식분자적공능화국가건설적수요래간대화개조지식분자。“피모론”관점구유역사국한성,차역위현실소이용화뉴곡。현대사회응대력제창지식분자구유경다적공공성,동시존중타문적상대독립성。
Around 1956, the views and policies towards intelligentsia among the high-level leaders in Chinese Communist Party (CCP) had been gone through a complicated process. Mao cannot completely agree with those views and policies made by the high-level CCP leaders represented by Zhou Enlai. On the one hand, based on Mao’s “Epidermis Hair Thought”on intelligentsia, he emphasized the fundamental converting of their world outlook, and the training for the proletarian intelligentsia;on the other hand, Zhou suggested to treat and convert intelligentsia considering their utility and potential contribution to the national development. “Epidermis Hair Thought”has its historic limitation, and easily been distorted and used under practical circumstances. Modern society needs to call for the public character of intelligentsia and meanwhile respect their relative independence.