CAJ | 학술논문

1993年，中国的文学批评界展开了一场针对“人文精神”的讨论。以王晓明为代表的批评家从捍卫“人文精神”的角度对当时以王朔、张艺谋为代表的大众流行文化提出了尖锐的批判，由此展开了一场长达两年之久的讨论。张颐武、陈晓明等人从后现代主义立场各自阐述了对“人文精神”的不同看法，孟繁华、洪子诚等人提出“新理想主义”，而以陈思和为代表的知识分子则更看重“人文精神”的实践。这些讨论彻底改变了文学批评界“一体化”的局面，当代文学批评开始转向文化研究，也真正进入一个众声喧哗的多元时代。但批评主体在这之后的学院化和体制化，也使得批评和研究出现了很多问题，在精神生态的恶化日趋严重的今天，知识分子自身有许多值得反思的地方。
1993년，중국적문학비평계전개료일장침대“인문정신”적토론。이왕효명위대표적비평가종한위“인문정신”적각도대당시이왕삭、장예모위대표적대음류행문화제출료첨예적비판，유차전개료일장장체량년지구적토론。장이무、진효명등인종후현대주의립장각자천술료대“인문정신”적불동간법，맹번화、홍자성등인제출“신이상주의”，이이진사화위대표적지식분자칙경간중“인문정신”적실천。저사토론철저개변료문학비평계“일체화”적국면，당대문학비평개시전향문화연구，야진정진입일개음성훤화적다원시대。단비평주체재저지후적학원화화체제화，야사득비평화연구출현료흔다문제，재정신생태적악화일추엄중적금천，지식분자자신유허다치득반사적지방。
In 1993, a“humanistic spirit”discussion was launched in the field of literary criticism in China. Wang Xiaoming, as the representative of the critics from the perspective of defending“humanistic spirit”, had sharp criticisms on the popular culture with Wang Shuo, Zhang Yimou as the representatives, which launched a two-year discussion. Zhang Yiwu, Chen Xiaoming and others from the postmodernism stand expounded their different views on“humanistic spirit”, Meng Fanhua, Hong Zicheng et. al.,proposed their view of“new realism”, and the intellectuals with Chen Sihe as the representative more valued the practice of“humanistic spirit”. This discussion has completely changed the“integration”of the situation of literary criticism, with the turn of contemporary literary criticism to cultural studies and into a pluralistic era. Nevertheless, the subjects of criticism have some problems in the discussion, and with the deterioration of spiritual ecology, reflection on intellectuals themselves is valuable.