国际流行病学传染病学杂志
國際流行病學傳染病學雜誌
국제류행병학전염병학잡지
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
2014年
1期
38-40
,共3页
狂犬病%暴露%流行病学特征
狂犬病%暴露%流行病學特徵
광견병%폭로%류행병학특정
Rabies%Exposure%Epidemiological characteristics
目的 了解浙江省兰溪市狂犬病暴露人群的流行病学特征,为制定控制策略提供依据.方法 对兰溪市2009-2012年全市犬伤门诊暴露人群的个人信息登记表进行回顾性分析,采集暴露者的性别、年龄、职业、暴露时间、程度及处理情况等信息.结果 2009-2012年,全市共报告狂犬病暴露22 993例,各年度报告暴露人数分别为2 602例、4 170例、7 540例和8 681例,年暴露率分别为39.44/万、62.86/万、113.15/万和130.35/万.男女比例为1.19∶1；单月暴露率以7月最高(1 1.99％),1月最低；年龄组中以0～9岁、40～49岁和50～59岁组暴露人数较多,分别占总数的14.81％、21.54％和16.77％;以农民为主,占54.24％；暴露动物以犬为主,占89.30％.各年龄段暴露部位均以下肢(59.24％)和上肢(33.49％)为主.97.68％的暴露者均由专业的犬伤门诊医师进行伤口处理,99.70％的暴露者接受疫苗接种,但在狂犬病暴露为Ⅲ级的人群中,接种免疫球蛋白的比例仅为20.96％.结论 兰溪市狂犬病暴露报告率近年来有上升趋势,相关部门应加强犬只的预防免疫及管理,降低人群犬伤暴露率,采取适当的措施提高Ⅲ级暴露人群接受免疫球蛋白阻断治疗,预防狂犬病疫情的发生.
目的 瞭解浙江省蘭溪市狂犬病暴露人群的流行病學特徵,為製定控製策略提供依據.方法 對蘭溪市2009-2012年全市犬傷門診暴露人群的箇人信息登記錶進行迴顧性分析,採集暴露者的性彆、年齡、職業、暴露時間、程度及處理情況等信息.結果 2009-2012年,全市共報告狂犬病暴露22 993例,各年度報告暴露人數分彆為2 602例、4 170例、7 540例和8 681例,年暴露率分彆為39.44/萬、62.86/萬、113.15/萬和130.35/萬.男女比例為1.19∶1；單月暴露率以7月最高(1 1.99％),1月最低；年齡組中以0～9歲、40～49歲和50～59歲組暴露人數較多,分彆佔總數的14.81％、21.54％和16.77％;以農民為主,佔54.24％；暴露動物以犬為主,佔89.30％.各年齡段暴露部位均以下肢(59.24％)和上肢(33.49％)為主.97.68％的暴露者均由專業的犬傷門診醫師進行傷口處理,99.70％的暴露者接受疫苗接種,但在狂犬病暴露為Ⅲ級的人群中,接種免疫毬蛋白的比例僅為20.96％.結論 蘭溪市狂犬病暴露報告率近年來有上升趨勢,相關部門應加彊犬隻的預防免疫及管理,降低人群犬傷暴露率,採取適噹的措施提高Ⅲ級暴露人群接受免疫毬蛋白阻斷治療,預防狂犬病疫情的髮生.
목적 료해절강성란계시광견병폭로인군적류행병학특정,위제정공제책략제공의거.방법 대란계시2009-2012년전시견상문진폭로인군적개인신식등기표진행회고성분석,채집폭로자적성별、년령、직업、폭로시간、정도급처리정황등신식.결과 2009-2012년,전시공보고광견병폭로22 993례,각년도보고폭로인수분별위2 602례、4 170례、7 540례화8 681례,년폭로솔분별위39.44/만、62.86/만、113.15/만화130.35/만.남녀비례위1.19∶1；단월폭로솔이7월최고(1 1.99％),1월최저；년령조중이0～9세、40～49세화50～59세조폭로인수교다,분별점총수적14.81％、21.54％화16.77％;이농민위주,점54.24％；폭로동물이견위주,점89.30％.각년령단폭로부위균이하지(59.24％)화상지(33.49％)위주.97.68％적폭로자균유전업적견상문진의사진행상구처리,99.70％적폭로자접수역묘접충,단재광견병폭로위Ⅲ급적인군중,접충면역구단백적비례부위20.96％.결론 란계시광견병폭로보고솔근년래유상승추세,상관부문응가강견지적예방면역급관리,강저인군견상폭로솔,채취괄당적조시제고Ⅲ급폭로인군접수면역구단백조단치료,예방광견병역정적발생.
Objective To describe the epidemiological characteristics of rabies exposure population in Lanxi Zhejiang and to provide scientific basis for rabies control strategy.Methods The personal information of exposed-to-rabies population in outpatient clinic of dog injury from 2009 to 2012 in Lanxi were retrospectively analyzed,including person's gender,age,occupation,exposure time and processing.Results During the period,a total of 22 993 rabies exposure cases were reported,and the exposure rates for 4 years were 39.44/104,62.86/ 104,113.15/104 and 130.35/104,respectively.The ratio of male to female was 1.19∶1.The cases reported in July accounted for 11.99％,ranked the first in the list,while January had the least cases reported.Age groups in 0-9,40-49 and 50-59 years had larger number of exposures,which accounted for 14.81％,21.54％ and 16.77％.Most of the exposed cases were farmers(54.24％).The main exposure animal was dog(89.30％).In all age groups,the main exposure position was the lower limbs (59.24％) and upper limbs (33.49％).Most of the cases (97.68％) were treated by specialists in outpatient clinic of dog injury and 99.70％ of them received a whole course rabies vaccine inoculation.The treatment rate of anti-rabies immunoglobulin was low to 20.96％ in cases with grade Ⅲ exposure.Conclusions The reporting rates of rabies exposure have risen in recent years in Lanxi Zhejiang.The relevant departments should strengthen the immune prevention and management in dogs to reduce rabies exposure,and take appropriate measures to enhance immunoglobulin blocking treatment in grade Ⅲ expose cases to prevent the occurrence of rabies.
