中国电机工程学报
中國電機工程學報
중국전궤공정학보
ZHONGGUO DIANJI GONGCHENG XUEBAO
2013年
23期
19-28
,共10页
李沛峰%戈志华%银正一%杨志平%杨勇平
李沛峰%戈誌華%銀正一%楊誌平%楊勇平
리패봉%과지화%은정일%양지평%양용평
热电联产%供热%单耗分析%能耗评价%节能
熱電聯產%供熱%單耗分析%能耗評價%節能
열전련산%공열%단모분석%능모평개%절능
combined heat and power(CHP)%space heating%specific consumption analysis%energy consumption evaluation%energy conservation
供热系统具有不同类型，而其科学评价方法一直无法统一，尤以热电联产的科学评价准则难以确立。从热电联产电厂的传统评价指标--总热效率入手，基于热力学一、二定律分析，改进得到了科学评价联产电厂能耗水平的方法，指出其评价指标应以热力学第二定律为指导，并能结合实际分别体现发电和供热双方面的先进程度；在此基础上，把评价对象扩展到不同类型供热系统，通过对4种基本供热系统的一般化分析，从总能系统的层面提出了适用于不同类型供热系统的、统一的能耗评价模型，利用该模型对4类供热系统分别进行了一般化能耗评价。结果表明，能耗水平从高到低依次为：电热、锅炉供热、热泵供热、联产供热。联产供热作为低能耗且仍有较大降耗空间的供热系统，应优先重点发展，所提出的能耗评价模型为不同类型供热系统的统一化评价奠定了理论基础。
供熱繫統具有不同類型，而其科學評價方法一直無法統一，尤以熱電聯產的科學評價準則難以確立。從熱電聯產電廠的傳統評價指標--總熱效率入手，基于熱力學一、二定律分析，改進得到瞭科學評價聯產電廠能耗水平的方法，指齣其評價指標應以熱力學第二定律為指導，併能結閤實際分彆體現髮電和供熱雙方麵的先進程度；在此基礎上，把評價對象擴展到不同類型供熱繫統，通過對4種基本供熱繫統的一般化分析，從總能繫統的層麵提齣瞭適用于不同類型供熱繫統的、統一的能耗評價模型，利用該模型對4類供熱繫統分彆進行瞭一般化能耗評價。結果錶明，能耗水平從高到低依次為：電熱、鍋爐供熱、熱泵供熱、聯產供熱。聯產供熱作為低能耗且仍有較大降耗空間的供熱繫統，應優先重點髮展，所提齣的能耗評價模型為不同類型供熱繫統的統一化評價奠定瞭理論基礎。
공열계통구유불동류형，이기과학평개방법일직무법통일，우이열전련산적과학평개준칙난이학립。종열전련산전엄적전통평개지표--총열효솔입수，기우열역학일、이정률분석，개진득도료과학평개련산전엄능모수평적방법，지출기평개지표응이열역학제이정률위지도，병능결합실제분별체현발전화공열쌍방면적선진정도；재차기출상，파평개대상확전도불동류형공열계통，통과대4충기본공열계통적일반화분석，종총능계통적층면제출료괄용우불동류형공열계통적、통일적능모평개모형，이용해모형대4류공열계통분별진행료일반화능모평개。결과표명，능모수평종고도저의차위：전열、과로공열、열빙공열、련산공열。련산공열작위저능모차잉유교대강모공간적공열계통，응우선중점발전，소제출적능모평개모형위불동류형공열계통적통일화평개전정료이론기출。
The advanced evaluation standard of heating system cannot be unified, for there are many different kinds of heating systems. Moreover, it’s more difficult to establish the scientific evaluation criteria for combined heat and power (CHP). This paper started from the traditional evaluation indicator of CHP plant, the total thermal efficiency, and proposed scientific evaluation criteria of CHP plant based on the First and the Second Law of Thermodynamics, which could reflect the advancement of CHP system from both power generation and heating aspects. Based on this, evaluation object was extended to different types of heating systems. By analyzing four common used heating systems, unified energy consumption evaluation model was put forward from the level of total energy system. Using the proposed model, the fuel specific consumptions of four types of heating systems were evaluated, respectively. The results show that, the level of the fuel specific consumptions could be ranked from high to low as electric heating, boiler heating, heat pump heating and CHP. As an low fuel specific consumption heating system, CHP system still has a large potential of energy conservation, which should be further developed and utilized. The development prospect of CHP and the analysis method of energy consumption for heating systems could be inspired by the paper.
