CAJ | 학술논문

采用96h急性毒性试验检测了稀有鮈鲫封闭群和野生群对重铬酸钾、五氯酚、氯化汞、对氯苯胺、氯化镉等几种常见化学品的敏感性差异,并通过7d 亚慢性毒性试验以及胚胎-卵黄囊吸收阶段毒性试验检测了对氯苯胺、氯化镉对稀有鮈鲫封闭群的亚慢性毒性.急性毒性试验结果表明,Cr6+、五氯酚、Hg2+、对氯苯胺和Cd2+对稀有鮈鲫封闭群的96h LC50分别为69.0mg/L,111.4,56.9μg/L,35.5,12.2mg/L；Cr6+对封闭群的96h LC50低于野生群(99.8mg/L)(P<0.05),Hg2+和PCP对封闭群96h LC50与野生群(65.8,105.6μg/L)无显著差异(P>0.05).胚胎-卵黄囊吸收阶段和7d 亚慢性毒性测试结果表明,Cd2+和对氯苯胺暴露后封闭群在孵化率、畸形率、死亡率、生长等方面均表现出毒性效应,其中生长指标更为敏感.以生长为观测指标,2种试验的结果无显著差异,对Cd2+的NOEC均为0.1mg/L,胚胎-卵黄囊吸收阶段试验中对氯苯胺的NOEC为2mg/L,7d亚慢性毒性试验中对氯苯胺的NOEC为4mg/L.本研究证明了稀有鮈鲫封闭群对化学药品的敏感性高,可作为化学品生态毒理学测试的种源.
채용96h급성독성시험검측료희유구즉봉폐군화야생군대중락산갑、오록분、록화홍、대록분알、록화력등궤충상견화학품적민감성차이,병통과7d 아만성독성시험이급배태-란황낭흡수계단독성시험검측료대록분알、록화력대희유구즉봉폐군적아만성독성.급성독성시험결과표명,Cr6+、오록분、Hg2+、대록분알화Cd2+대희유구즉봉폐군적96h LC50분별위69.0mg/L,111.4,56.9μg/L,35.5,12.2mg/L；Cr6+대봉폐군적96h LC50저우야생군(99.8mg/L)(P<0.05),Hg2+화PCP대봉폐군96h LC50여야생군(65.8,105.6μg/L)무현저차이(P>0.05).배태-란황낭흡수계단화7d 아만성독성측시결과표명,Cd2+화대록분알폭로후봉폐군재부화솔、기형솔、사망솔、생장등방면균표현출독성효응,기중생장지표경위민감.이생장위관측지표,2충시험적결과무현저차이,대Cd2+적NOEC균위0.1mg/L,배태-란황낭흡수계단시험중대록분알적NOEC위2mg/L,7d아만성독성시험중대록분알적NOEC위4mg/L.본연구증명료희유구즉봉폐군대화학약품적민감성고,가작위화학품생태독이학측시적충원.
We performed waterborne exposures of several chemicals on adult and embryo-larvae stage rare minnow and compared the sensitivity between the wild group (WG) and closed colony (IHB). Adult rare minnows were acutely exposed to lethal concentrations of the chemical agents (K2Cr2O4, pentachlorophenol, HgCl2, p-Chloroaniline and CdCl2) in order to determine the 96 h LC50 (96 h lethal median concentration). For the closed colony, the 96h LC50was 69.0mg/L, 111.4, 56.9 μg/L, 35.5and12.2mg/L for Cr6+, pentachlorophenol, Hg2+, p-Chloroaniline and Cd2+, respectively. For the wild colony, the 96h LC50was 99.8mg/L, 105.6and 65.8 μg/L for Cr6+, pentachlorophenol, Hg2+, respectively. A significant difference was observed in the exposure to K2Cr2O4between the two colonies (P<0.05). Then the embryos (8hours post-fertilization) and larvae (1day post-hatching) from closed colony were exposed to p-Chloroaniline and CdCl2for 7days and the exposure caused toxic effects on hatching, malformation, survival and growth, and among these, growth was the most sensitive parameter to the toxicants stress. For p-Chloroaniline, the obtained none-observable effect concentration (NOEC) for growth were 2and 4mg/L in the embryos and larvae, respectively; while for CdCl2, the NOEC was 0.1mg/L in both the embryos and larvae. Our results suggested that the closed colony rare minnow is sensitive to chemical exposure and can serve as a reliable model organism for testing chemical toxicity.