CAJ | 학술논문

　　目的探讨脑卒中患者主要照顾者心理状态与应对方式状况及其相关性。方法采用便利取样法选取脑卒中患者主要照顾者286名，采用症状自评量表（symptom check list 90，SCL-90）、医学应对方式问卷（medical coping modes questionnaire ，MCMQ）调查照顾者心理状况及其应对方式状况。了解脑卒中患者主要照顾者心理状态与应对方式状况及其相关性。结果照顾者SCL-90各因子得分均高于国内常模，组间比较，差异具有统计学意义（均P<0.01）；学历较高照顾者在抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐惧、精神病性各因子得分较低，不同学历组间比较，差异具有统计学意义（均P<0.01）；主要照顾者应对方式与国内常模比较，差异具有统计学意义（均P<0.001），其中面对应对方式得分低于国内常模，而屈服、回避应对方式得分高于国内常模；主要照顾者面对应对方式、回避应对方式与SCL-90各因子分呈负相关（均P <0.05）；屈服应对方式与SCL-90各因子分呈正相关（均P<0.05）。结论脑卒中患者主要照顾者存在不良的心理状态且多采取消极的应对方式；照顾者越趋向采取积极应对方式对其改善心理状态越好，越趋向采取消极应对方式则对其心理状态影响越差。因此，应对照顾者进行知识培训，指导其有效利用家庭其他成员的支持，鼓励照顾者表达不良情绪及加强出院后访视等，更好地改善照顾者不良心理状态，使其得到更多的关爱，提高其生活质量。
　　목적탐토뇌졸중환자주요조고자심리상태여응대방식상황급기상관성。방법채용편리취양법선취뇌졸중환자주요조고자286명，채용증상자평량표（symptom check list 90，SCL-90）、의학응대방식문권（medical coping modes questionnaire ，MCMQ）조사조고자심리상황급기응대방식상황。료해뇌졸중환자주요조고자심리상태여응대방식상황급기상관성。결과조고자SCL-90각인자득분균고우국내상모，조간비교，차이구유통계학의의（균P<0.01）；학력교고조고자재억욱、초필、활대、공구、정신병성각인자득분교저，불동학력조간비교，차이구유통계학의의（균P<0.01）；주요조고자응대방식여국내상모비교，차이구유통계학의의（균P<0.001），기중면대응대방식득분저우국내상모，이굴복、회피응대방식득분고우국내상모；주요조고자면대응대방식、회피응대방식여SCL-90각인자분정부상관（균P <0.05）；굴복응대방식여SCL-90각인자분정정상관（균P<0.05）。결론뇌졸중환자주요조고자존재불량적심리상태차다채취소겁적응대방식；조고자월추향채취적겁응대방식대기개선심리상태월호，월추향채취소겁응대방식칙대기심리상태영향월차。인차，응대조고자진행지식배훈，지도기유효이용가정기타성원적지지，고려조고자표체불량정서급가강출원후방시등，경호지개선조고자불양심리상태，사기득도경다적관애，제고기생활질량。
Objective To study the correlation between psychological state and coping styles of primary caregivers of stroke patients.Method 286 primary caregivers were screened out by the random sampling method for the investigation of their psychological states and coping styles using SCL-90 and the medical coping modes questionnaire(MCMQ).Results There were significant differences between primary caregivers and Chinese norm in terms of all factors(P<0.01).The major caregivers with higher education were scored significantly lower than those with less education on the factors of depression,anxiety,hostility,fear,psychoticism (P<0.01).There were significant different differences between primary caregivers and Chinese norm in coping style(P<0.01): the score on confrontation in the coping style lower than the norm while the score on avoidance in the coping style higher than in norm.The confrontation and avoidance in the primary caregivers were negatively correlated to the factors of SCL-90(P<0.05)and yielding in the coping style positively to the factors of SCL-90(P<0.05).Conclusions The primary caregivers of stroke patients are at the poor psychological states and they tend to take the passive and negative coping styles.The more they take active coping style,the better their mental states grow and vise versa.Therefore,the caregivers need professional training so that they can use the supports from their families and be encouraged to speak out their poor moods.Post-discharge visits to them,besides,are helpful for the improved psychological states for the improvement of their quality of life.