CAJ | 학술논문

黑素皮质素受体(melanocortin receptor, MCR)家族属于最小的G蛋白偶联受体家族之一,具有7个跨膜的α螺旋,在脊索动物生理活动中具有重要作用。在哺乳类及四肢类动物的MCR研究中共发现有5种不同功能的同源基因(MC1R、MC2R、MC3R、MC4R、MC5R),它们在机体色素沉积、摄食行为、能量平衡、类固醇合成和性行为等方面发挥重要功能。近年来,鱼类 MCRs 的研究逐渐得到学者们的普遍关注,一些鱼类的 MCRs 亚型相继被克隆,并对其功能进行了分析。鱼类作为脊椎动物进化中较为原始的类群,具有与哺乳动物 MCRs 相似的保守特征,同时也具有其特殊性。对鱼类MCRs的深入研究有利于揭示MCRs在脊椎动物中的进化规律,掌握MCRs对鱼类生理功能的调控特征,为促进渔业生产提供科学理论基础。本文主要对近年来鱼类 MCRs 的克隆、分子特征、药理学及生物学功能等方面的研究进展进行简要的综述。
흑소피질소수체(melanocortin receptor, MCR)가족속우최소적G단백우련수체가족지일,구유7개과막적α라선,재척색동물생리활동중구유중요작용。재포유류급사지류동물적MCR연구중공발현유5충불동공능적동원기인(MC1R、MC2R、MC3R、MC4R、MC5R),타문재궤체색소침적、섭식행위、능량평형、류고순합성화성행위등방면발휘중요공능。근년래,어류 MCRs 적연구축점득도학자문적보편관주,일사어류적 MCRs 아형상계피극륭,병대기공능진행료분석。어류작위척추동물진화중교위원시적류군,구유여포유동물 MCRs 상사적보수특정,동시야구유기특수성。대어류MCRs적심입연구유리우게시MCRs재척추동물중적진화규률,장악MCRs대어류생리공능적조공특정,위촉진어업생산제공과학이론기출。본문주요대근년래어류 MCRs 적극륭、분자특정、약이학급생물학공능등방면적연구진전진행간요적종술。
The melanocortin receptor family, with seven transmembrane alpha-helixs, is a member of the smallest G-protein-coupled receptor and of great importance in chordate physiological function. The melanocortin receptor fam-ily has five subtypes (MC1R, MC2R, MC3R, MC4R and MC5R) in mammalian and tetrapod, with rather diverse func-tions. It has been confirmed that MCRs are involved in diverse number of physiological functions, including pigmenta-tion, steroidogenesis, energy homeostasis, inflammation and sexual function. In recent years, fish MCRs have gained more and more concern of researchers. Different MCR subtypes have been cloned and analyzed in several fish species. The MCRs of fish, the earliest vertebrates in evolution, is highly conserved compared with mammalian in molecular characterization and physiology fuction. Meanwhile they have some special features of their own. Thorough research on MCRs will contribute to our understanding of vertebrate MCRs evolution and its regulation functions in fish physiology. To facilitate the study on MCRs, we provide a review about clone, molecular characterization, pharmacology and phys-iological function of fish melanocortin receptors and highlight progress made in these areas.