CAJ | 학술논문

主、次固结的划分是正确预测和分析软土地基变形并采取有效工程措施的关键问题之一。利用单向固结仪和三轴剪切仪，对天津典型软土进行了一系列一维压缩次固结试验和三维次固结试验，得到荷载、孔隙比、孔隙水压力、体积应变和时间的关系曲线。试验结果表明：由孔隙水压力消散确定的主次固结划分时间滞后于体应变划分时间；所提出的采用应变速率和应变关系来划分主次固结的方法可以合理地适用于各种荷载条件；主固结时间随试样高度的增大而增大，随排水条件的加强而减小；随着荷载等级的增大，主固结时间延长；当荷载小于结构屈服应力时，加荷比对主次固结划分的影响较小，当荷载大于结构屈服应力时主固结时间随着加荷比的增大而延长；预压后土体的主固结应变与总应变的比值比无预压的情况增大30.7％，且该值随着预压荷载的增大而增大。
주、차고결적화분시정학예측화분석연토지기변형병채취유효공정조시적관건문제지일。이용단향고결의화삼축전절의，대천진전형연토진행료일계렬일유압축차고결시험화삼유차고결시험，득도하재、공극비、공극수압력、체적응변화시간적관계곡선。시험결과표명：유공극수압력소산학정적주차고결화분시간체후우체응변화분시간；소제출적채용응변속솔화응변관계래화분주차고결적방법가이합리지괄용우각충하재조건；주고결시간수시양고도적증대이증대，수배수조건적가강이감소；수착하재등급적증대，주고결시간연장；당하재소우결구굴복응력시，가하비대주차고결화분적영향교소，당하재대우결구굴복응력시주고결시간수착가하비적증대이연장；예압후토체적주고결응변여총응변적비치비무예압적정황증대30.7％，차해치수착예압하재적증대이증대。
Division of primary-secondary consolidation is one of the key problems of prediction and analysis foundation deformation of soft soil correctly and taking effective engineering measures.A series of one dimensional compression secondary consolidation tests and three-dimensional secondary consolidation tests are performed by using unidirectional consolidation apparatus and triaxial shear apparatus for the typical soft soil in Tianjin.Load, pore ratio and pore water pressure,volume strain and time relationship are obtained.The test results show that:the division point of primary-secondary consolidation should be before the pore water pressure dissipation completely.A new method according to the strain rate and strain curve to differentiate the primary and secondary consolidation is founded.And the new method is suitable for all kinds of load.Primary consolidation time is prolonged along with increasing sample height while shortened along with the strengthening of drainage condition.With the increase of the load level,primary consolidation time is prolonged.When the load is less than the structure yield stress,the division of the primary-secondary consolidation is less affected by load ratio.While the load is greater than the structure yield stress,the primary consolidation time is prolonged along with the increase of load ratio.The ratio of the primary consolidation strain and the total strain after preloading is increased 30.7%than that of no preloading. The ratio increases along with the increase of the preloading load.