CAJ | 학술논문

软弱基座型斜坡崩滑在我国西南山区及三峡库区是一种较为常见的地质灾害。下伏软岩在上部硬岩重力作用和外营力地质作用下产生压缩变形，向临空方向塑性流动，导致上部硬岩拉裂，进一步发展演变为崩滑。贵州某斜坡为一典型缓倾内软弱基座斜坡，上部为灰岩形成高度约150m陡崖，下部为厚度大于150m泥岩形成的缓坡。调查发现上部硬岩坡肩部位产生多条深大拉裂，坡肩局部发生过多次崩塌落石现象，斜坡变形仍在继续。本文采用有限元数值模拟和底摩擦物理模拟相结合的方法，分析了该斜坡坡体内应力、变形分布特征和发展过程，在此基础上研究软弱基座型斜坡的变形破坏机制，为软弱基座斜坡崩滑地质灾害防治提供理论支撑。研究结果表明，缓倾内具软弱基座的斜坡变形破坏机制表现为压缩（塑流）-拉裂-剪断三段式滑坡。
연약기좌형사파붕활재아국서남산구급삼협고구시일충교위상견적지질재해。하복연암재상부경암중력작용화외영력지질작용하산생압축변형，향림공방향소성류동，도치상부경암랍렬，진일보발전연변위붕활。귀주모사파위일전형완경내연약기좌사파，상부위회암형성고도약150m두애，하부위후도대우150m니암형성적완파。조사발현상부경암파견부위산생다조심대랍렬，파견국부발생과다차붕탑낙석현상，사파변형잉재계속。본문채용유한원수치모의화저마찰물리모의상결합적방법，분석료해사파파체내응력、변형분포특정화발전과정，재차기출상연구연약기좌형사파적변형파배궤제，위연약기좌사파붕활지질재해방치제공이론지탱。연구결과표명，완경내구연약기좌적사파변형파배궤제표현위압축（소류）-랍렬-전단삼단식활파。
Collapses and landslides in slopes with soft base are very common geologic disasters in southwestern mountain regions and the Three Gorges reservoir area of China.They are harmful.The upper hard rock weight,the weathering and water softening and the underlain by soft rock base can generate compression and horizontal plastic flow towards the free face.Therefore,the upper hard rock can generate tensile cracks.Ultimately they lead to collapses and landslides.A slope in Guizhou is examined.Its upper part has a height of about 150m and is a limestone cliffs.Its lower part has a thickness greater than150m and is a shale gentle slope.It is a typical slope of a gently inclined ramp within the weak base.This paper uses the finite element numerical simulation and bottom friction method of combining physical simulation.It analyses the slope of the body stress,deformation distribution and development process.Based on this model,the paper studies the weak base of slope and its deformation and failure mechanisms and provides the theoretical support for the weak base slope of geological disasters protection. The results show that the slope deformation and failure mechanisms dipping the base are of the three performance of a compressed plastic flow,tension crack and shear-cut.