CAJ | 학술논문

采用瘤胃体外发酵技术评定了不同化学处理对稻草体外发酵特性的影响。试验以3头装有永久性瘤胃瘘管的荷斯坦奶牛为瘤胃液供体，用复合碱、氨及尿素处理稻草后，称量1 g样品于含有10 mL瘤胃液和90 mL培养基的39℃发酵瓶内体外发酵，分别于24，48，72，96 h冰浴终止发酵，测定产气量、发酵液中挥发性脂肪酸、氨态氮及微生物蛋白浓度。结果表明，化学处理提高了稻草发酵的产气量、挥发性脂肪酸、氨态氮以及微生物蛋白浓度。其中复合碱处理组的发酵速度最快，累计产气量、干物质消失率和挥发性脂肪酸浓度最高，显著高于其他各组，其次为尿素处理组和氨化处理组，对照组最低；尿素处理组的 pH、氨态氮浓度和微生物蛋白含量最高，显著高于其他各组，氨化处理组和碱化处理组次之，对照组最低。化学处理提高了稻草的体外降解率，其中复合碱化处理的效果最好。
채용류위체외발효기술평정료불동화학처리대도초체외발효특성적영향。시험이3두장유영구성류위루관적하사탄내우위류위액공체，용복합감、안급뇨소처리도초후，칭량1 g양품우함유10 mL류위액화90 mL배양기적39℃발효병내체외발효，분별우24，48，72，96 h빙욕종지발효，측정산기량、발효액중휘발성지방산、안태담급미생물단백농도。결과표명，화학처리제고료도초발효적산기량、휘발성지방산、안태담이급미생물단백농도。기중복합감처리조적발효속도최쾌，루계산기량、간물질소실솔화휘발성지방산농도최고，현저고우기타각조，기차위뇨소처리조화안화처리조，대조조최저；뇨소처리조적 pH、안태담농도화미생물단백함량최고，현저고우기타각조，안화처리조화감화처리조차지，대조조최저。화학처리제고료도초적체외강해솔，기중복합감화처리적효과최호。
The effects of different chemical treatments on fermentation characteristics of rice straw (RS)in vitro were investigated.The rumen fluid was collected from 3 holstein dairy cows with permanent rumen fistu-la.The rice straw was treated with composite sodium hydroxide (SH),ammonium bicarbonate (AB)and urea (UR).The bottles containing 10 mL rumen fluid and 90 mL media with 1 g RS as substrate were incubated at 39℃,and the samples were collected at 24,48,72 and 96 h after incubation for the analysis of gas production (GP),volatile fatty acids (VFA),ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N)and microbial protein production (MCP).The chemical treatments significantly improved the GP,concentrations of VFA,NH3-N and MCP compared with untreated RS.The cumulative gas production,dry matter digestibility and VFA of SH-RS were significantly higher than the others and they were significantly lower in the untreated RS.However,pH and the concentra-tions of NH3-N and MCP of UR-RS were significantly higher than those of AB-RS,SH-RS and UT-RS.In conclusion,chemical treatments improved the invitro digestibility of RS,in which composite sodium hydrox-ide treatment was recommended.