CAJ | 학술논문

以高羊茅和多年生黑麦草为试验材料，分别设置Cd2＋、Cu2＋、Zn2＋、Pb2＋不同浓度处理，研究4种重金属离子对其荧光特性及根系形态的影响。结果表明，高羊茅在4种重金属离子处理下，其最大量子产量（Fv/Fm ）值均低于对照，说明高羊茅在受到重金属离子胁迫后，其 PSⅡ活性受到伤害；多年生黑麦草在 Cd2＋不同浓度处理下，其Fv/Fm值均略高于对照，但差异不显著，说明Cd2＋胁迫对多年生黑麦草的PSⅡ系统的活性影响不大；但是 Cu2＋和Zn2＋浓度分别达到500 mg/kg及以上时，对多年生黑麦草Fv/Fm 值影响较大，均显著低于对照；同时，多年生黑麦草还表现出低浓度Zn2＋促进PSⅡ系统活性的作用，但随着浓度升高，表现出对PSⅡ系统越来越强的抑制作用；在4种重金属离子不同浓度处理下，2种草坪草的光化学淬灭系数（qP）和电子传递速率（ETR）值均低于对照，说明其光合活性和电子传递效率均受到影响；经过4种重金属离子处理后，除部分离子低浓度处理外，高羊茅总根长、根表面积、总分叉数和总根尖数均显著低于对照，并且有随着离子处理浓度升高而逐渐降低的趋势；多年生黑麦草根系则表现出对低浓度重金属离子抗性较强，对高浓度重离子抗性较差，并且也有随浓度升高而不断降低的趋势。
이고양모화다년생흑맥초위시험재료，분별설치Cd2＋、Cu2＋、Zn2＋、Pb2＋불동농도처리，연구4충중금속리자대기형광특성급근계형태적영향。결과표명，고양모재4충중금속리자처리하，기최대양자산량（Fv/Fm ）치균저우대조，설명고양모재수도중금속리자협박후，기 PSⅡ활성수도상해；다년생흑맥초재 Cd2＋불동농도처리하，기Fv/Fm치균략고우대조，단차이불현저，설명Cd2＋협박대다년생흑맥초적PSⅡ계통적활성영향불대；단시 Cu2＋화Zn2＋농도분별체도500 mg/kg급이상시，대다년생흑맥초Fv/Fm 치영향교대，균현저저우대조；동시，다년생흑맥초환표현출저농도Zn2＋촉진PSⅡ계통활성적작용，단수착농도승고，표현출대PSⅡ계통월래월강적억제작용；재4충중금속리자불동농도처리하，2충초평초적광화학쉬멸계수（qP）화전자전체속솔（ETR）치균저우대조，설명기광합활성화전자전체효솔균수도영향；경과4충중금속리자처리후，제부분리자저농도처리외，고양모총근장、근표면적、총분차수화총근첨수균현저저우대조，병차유수착리자처리농도승고이축점강저적추세；다년생흑맥초근계칙표현출대저농도중금속리자항성교강，대고농도중리자항성교차，병차야유수농도승고이불단강저적추세。
The impacts of Cu2+,Zn2+,Pb2+ and Cd2+ stresses on fluorescence characteristics and root morphol-ogy of tall fescue (Festuca elata)and perennial ryegrass (Poa pratensis)were studied.The Fv/Fm of tall fes-cue under Cu2+,Zn2+,Pb2+ and Cd2+ stresses were lower than that in the controls suggesting that the activity of PSⅡ was weakened.However,it was quite different for perennial ryegrass.The Fv/Fm under Cd2+ stress was slightly higher than that in the controls indicating that the impact of Cd2+ was not significant.However,it was significantly reduced when the concentrations of Cu2+ and Zn2+ reached 500 mg/kg or more.Meanwhile, the lower concentrations of Zn2+ resulted in an improving effect on the PSⅡ system.The qP and ETR of both species under the stresses of 4 heavy metals were lower than those in the controls suggesting that the photosyn-thetic activity and electron transformation efficiency were inhibited.Except at low concentrations,the root length,root area,numbers of root forks and tips of tall fescue were significantly lower than those in the con-trols when under stress from four heavy metals:there was a decreasing trend with increasing stress concentra-tion.Perennial ryegrass showed a strong resistance to the stresses when heavy metals were at low concentra-tions and vice versa.