CAJ | 학술논문

病害是红豆草生产的限制因素之一，目前共有32种，其中主要为菌物病害（27种），另外还有细菌病害（2种）、病毒病（1种）、线虫病（2种）。就每个国家发生的病害数而言，中国有24种、英国9种、伊朗5种、土耳其3种、加拿大2种、美国1种、前苏联和德国均1种。在这些菌物病害中，仅在英国、伊朗、土耳其等国外发生的有白粉病、格孢腔环斑病和疫霉根腐病等3种，仅在我国发生的菌物病害有尾孢叶斑、刺盘孢炭疽病、丝囊霉根腐病等13种，其病原共36种；21种危害茎叶病害，5种危害根病，1种系统危害全株。在我国发生的菌物病害中，甘肃发生的种类最多，有20种，其次新疆9种、内蒙古5种，其他省区发生数更少。在细菌、病毒和线虫病害中，除细菌性茎疫病在我国有发现之外，其余均发生于国外。国内外对其白粉病、锈病和黑腐病等常发性茎叶病害的危害程度、发生规律和防治等方面得到不同程度的研究，但对根病、系统性病害和其他茎叶病研究较少，今后有必要更多关注影响我国红豆草生长的数种最主要病害，在病原准确鉴定的基础上加强病害监测和发生规律研究，并制定出切实可行的防治策略。
병해시홍두초생산적한제인소지일，목전공유32충，기중주요위균물병해（27충），령외환유세균병해（2충）、병독병（1충）、선충병（2충）。취매개국가발생적병해수이언，중국유24충、영국9충、이랑5충、토이기3충、가나대2충、미국1충、전소련화덕국균1충。재저사균물병해중，부재영국、이랑、토이기등국외발생적유백분병、격포강배반병화역매근부병등3충，부재아국발생적균물병해유미포협반、자반포탄저병、사낭매근부병등13충，기병원공36충；21충위해경협병해，5충위해근병，1충계통위해전주。재아국발생적균물병해중，감숙발생적충류최다，유20충，기차신강9충、내몽고5충，기타성구발생수경소。재세균、병독화선충병해중，제세균성경역병재아국유발현지외，기여균발생우국외。국내외대기백분병、수병화흑부병등상발성경협병해적위해정도、발생규률화방치등방면득도불동정도적연구，단대근병、계통성병해화기타경협병연구교소，금후유필요경다관주영향아국홍두초생장적수충최주요병해，재병원준학감정적기출상가강병해감측화발생규률연구，병제정출절실가행적방치책략。
Disease is one of the limiting factors for the production of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciaefolia).By the end of 2011,32 diseases had been found in this legume forage world wide,including 27 fungal diseases,2 bac-terial diseases,1 virus disease and 2 nematode diseases.Of the fungal diseases,24 were found in China,9 in Britain,5 in Iran,3 in Turkey,2 in Canada,and 1 in each of the former Soviet Union and Germany.Among these diseases,1 3 such as leaf spot (Cercospora sp.),anthracnose (Colletotrichum truncatum)and root rot (Aphanomyces euteiches)only occurred in China,whereas 3 diseases,powdery mildew (Erysiphe trifolii), ring spot (Pleospora herbarum)and root rot (Phytophthora citricola,P.cryptogea,P.megasperma)only occurred abroad.In total,there were 3 6 fungal species pathogenic on the plant.Of the plant tissues damaged, 2 1 were found in leaves and stems,5 in root systems,and 1 which can cause systematic infection in the whole plant.In China,20 were found in Gansu,9 in Xinjiang,5 in Inner Mongolia and fewer in other provinces. These bacteria,virus and nematode diseases occurred abroad except for stem epidemic disease (Pseudomonas syingae).Up to now,the loss,life cycle and management of some frequently occurring stem-leaf diseases such as powdery mildew,rust (Uromyces onobrychis),black rot (Alternaria tenuis)have been studied at various levels but there have been few studies on most of the stem-leaf diseases,root diseases and systematic diseases. Therefore,it is necessary to focus on several important diseases and to accurately identify their causal agents, frequently survey their dynamics and clearly determine their occurrence.The aim of this review is to propose effective management strategies for farmers.