草业学报
草業學報
초업학보
PRATACULTURAL SCIENCE
2014年
3期
232-240
,共9页
张苏江%艾买尔江·吾斯曼%薛兴中%张晓%郭雪峰%陈立强
張囌江%艾買爾江·吾斯曼%薛興中%張曉%郭雪峰%陳立彊
장소강%애매이강·오사만%설흥중%장효%곽설봉%진립강
甜高粱%糖锤度%玉米%青贮品质
甜高粱%糖錘度%玉米%青貯品質
첨고량%당추도%옥미%청저품질
sweet sorghum%sugar brix%maize%silage quality
为筛选适宜南疆地区的青贮甜高粱品种，采用罐装青贮的方法，以青贮玉米为对照，研究了糖分含量存在差异的6个品种甜高粱青贮的感观性状及其营养成分。结果显示，1）新高粱2号、考利和丽欧3个甜高粱品种青贮成功率均达到了100％，pH 值小于4．12，感官评价为1级优等。甜饲1号和玉米青贮成功率为80％，pH 值分别为4．27和4．18，感官定级为2级尚好。大力士青贮成功率为40％，pH值为4．97，感官定级为3级中等。X096青贮成功率为20％，pH 5．31，定级为4级腐败。丽欧、考利、新高粱2号及玉米青贮的乳酸含量较高，丁酸含量较低；而X096、大力士青贮丁酸含量偏高，乳酸含量则较低。2）大力士甜高粱青贮水分含量最高（P＜0．05），X096甜高粱青贮饲料水分含量最低（P＜0．05）。甜高粱丽欧、考利和玉米青贮饲料的粗蛋白含量均超过了7％，显著高于其他各青贮样本（P＜0．05），X096青贮饲料粗蛋白质含量最低（P＜0．05）。粗脂肪含量以考利甜高粱青贮饲料最高，为3．30％，显著高于玉米、大力士和 X096青贮饲料（P＜0．05）。考利和丽欧甜高粱青贮饲料水溶性碳水化合物（water soluble carbohydrate，WSC）含量均超过了4．5％，显著高于其他各青贮饲料 WSC含量（P＜0．05）。青贮玉米 WSC含量高于 X096和甜饲1号。3）粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维及酸性洗涤纤维含量，以 X096甜高粱青贮最高（P＜0．05），丽欧、考利、甜饲1号和玉米青贮基本在同一水平（P＞0．05）。4）各品种甜高粱及玉米青贮的灰分、钙、磷含量无显著性差异（P＞0．05）。可见，在南疆可选择新高粱2号、考利、丽欧等甜高粱品种替代玉米来制作青贮饲料；选择大力士制作青贮，应采取延迟收割或晾晒等方法，以降低青贮前水分偏高的问题。
為篩選適宜南疆地區的青貯甜高粱品種，採用罐裝青貯的方法，以青貯玉米為對照，研究瞭糖分含量存在差異的6箇品種甜高粱青貯的感觀性狀及其營養成分。結果顯示，1）新高粱2號、攷利和麗歐3箇甜高粱品種青貯成功率均達到瞭100％，pH 值小于4．12，感官評價為1級優等。甜飼1號和玉米青貯成功率為80％，pH 值分彆為4．27和4．18，感官定級為2級尚好。大力士青貯成功率為40％，pH值為4．97，感官定級為3級中等。X096青貯成功率為20％，pH 5．31，定級為4級腐敗。麗歐、攷利、新高粱2號及玉米青貯的乳痠含量較高，丁痠含量較低；而X096、大力士青貯丁痠含量偏高，乳痠含量則較低。2）大力士甜高粱青貯水分含量最高（P＜0．05），X096甜高粱青貯飼料水分含量最低（P＜0．05）。甜高粱麗歐、攷利和玉米青貯飼料的粗蛋白含量均超過瞭7％，顯著高于其他各青貯樣本（P＜0．05），X096青貯飼料粗蛋白質含量最低（P＜0．05）。粗脂肪含量以攷利甜高粱青貯飼料最高，為3．30％，顯著高于玉米、大力士和 X096青貯飼料（P＜0．05）。攷利和麗歐甜高粱青貯飼料水溶性碳水化閤物（water soluble carbohydrate，WSC）含量均超過瞭4．5％，顯著高于其他各青貯飼料 WSC含量（P＜0．05）。青貯玉米 WSC含量高于 X096和甜飼1號。3）粗纖維、中性洗滌纖維及痠性洗滌纖維含量，以 X096甜高粱青貯最高（P＜0．05），麗歐、攷利、甜飼1號和玉米青貯基本在同一水平（P＞0．05）。4）各品種甜高粱及玉米青貯的灰分、鈣、燐含量無顯著性差異（P＞0．05）。可見，在南疆可選擇新高粱2號、攷利、麗歐等甜高粱品種替代玉米來製作青貯飼料；選擇大力士製作青貯，應採取延遲收割或晾曬等方法，以降低青貯前水分偏高的問題。
위사선괄의남강지구적청저첨고량품충，채용관장청저적방법，이청저옥미위대조，연구료당분함량존재차이적6개품충첨고량청저적감관성상급기영양성분。결과현시，1）신고량2호、고리화려구3개첨고량품충청저성공솔균체도료100％，pH 치소우4．12，감관평개위1급우등。첨사1호화옥미청저성공솔위80％，pH 치분별위4．27화4．18，감관정급위2급상호。대력사청저성공솔위40％，pH치위4．97，감관정급위3급중등。X096청저성공솔위20％，pH 5．31，정급위4급부패。려구、고리、신고량2호급옥미청저적유산함량교고，정산함량교저；이X096、대력사청저정산함량편고，유산함량칙교저。2）대력사첨고량청저수분함량최고（P＜0．05），X096첨고량청저사료수분함량최저（P＜0．05）。첨고량려구、고리화옥미청저사료적조단백함량균초과료7％，현저고우기타각청저양본（P＜0．05），X096청저사료조단백질함량최저（P＜0．05）。조지방함량이고리첨고량청저사료최고，위3．30％，현저고우옥미、대력사화 X096청저사료（P＜0．05）。고리화려구첨고량청저사료수용성탄수화합물（water soluble carbohydrate，WSC）함량균초과료4．5％，현저고우기타각청저사료 WSC함량（P＜0．05）。청저옥미 WSC함량고우 X096화첨사1호。3）조섬유、중성세조섬유급산성세조섬유함량，이 X096첨고량청저최고（P＜0．05），려구、고리、첨사1호화옥미청저기본재동일수평（P＞0．05）。4）각품충첨고량급옥미청저적회분、개、린함량무현저성차이（P＞0．05）。가견，재남강가선택신고량2호、고리、려구등첨고량품충체대옥미래제작청저사료；선택대력사제작청저，응채취연지수할혹량쇄등방법，이강저청저전수분편고적문제。
To select sweet sorghum varieties suitable for making good silage in southern Xinj iang,the sensory traits and nutrient content in different kinds of sweet sorghum silage and maize silage were evaluated.Six varie-ties of sweet sorghum with different sugar contents and one maize variety were chosen to make silage in plastic cans.1)The success rate was 100% in the ensiling from Xin-sorghum No.2,Cowley and Rio.The pH in the silage was less than 4.12 and the sensory evaluation was excellent.For Tian-si No.1 and maize,the success rate was 80%,the pHs were 4.27 and 4.18 respectively,and the sensory evaluation was good.For Hunni-green,the success rate was 40%,pH was 4.97 with sensory evaluation a medium grade 3.For X096 the suc-cess rate was 20%,pH 5.31 and it was rated as 4-corruption.Rio,Cowley,Xin-sorghum No.2 and maize sila-ges had higher levels of lactic acid and lower level of butyric acid,while the silages made from X096,Hunni-green sweet sorghum had more butyric acid and less lactic acid.2)Water content was highest in Hunnigreen sweet sorghum silage (P<0.05)and lowest in X096 sweet sorghum silage (P<0.05).The crude protein con-tents in the silages from sweet sorghum Rio,Cowley and maize were more than 7%,which was significantly (P<0.05)higher than those in other silages,with minimum crude protein content being 5.7% from X096. Crude fat content in sweet sorghum Cowley silage was 3.30%,was significantly (P<0.05)higher than those in other silages.Water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC)contents in Cowley and Rio sweet sorghum silages were more than 4.5%,significantly (P<0.05)higher than those in the silages from other varieties.The WSC con-tent in maize silage was larger than those in X096 and Tian-si No.1 sweet sorghum silages.3)The contents of crude fiber,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber in X096 silage were higher compared to other silages (P<0.05),but the amounts of such components were almost the same in Rio,Cowley and Tian-si No.1 (P>0.05).4)There were no significant differences between the silages in the contents of ash,calcium and phos-phorus.The results suggested that choosing sweet sorghum Xin-sorghum No.2,Cowley and Rio instead of maize to make silage is possible in Southern Xinjiang.In order to reduce moisture,it is better to delay harves-ting or to dry for a short time before making silage using Hunnigreen sweet sorghum as the raw material.
