草业学报
草業學報
초업학보
PRATACULTURAL SCIENCE
2014年
3期
136-143
,共8页
沙拐枣%灌溉量%干旱胁迫%复水%抗旱性
沙枴棘%灌溉量%榦旱脅迫%複水%抗旱性
사괴조%관개량%간한협박%복수%항한성
Calligonum%irrigation amount%drought stress%re-watering%drought resistant
采用盆栽试验，研究了网状、心形和红皮沙拐枣在干旱胁迫和复水过程中的生理生态响应特征，并采用隶属函数法对3个沙拐枣种的抗旱性进行综合评价。结果表明，干旱胁迫下，红皮沙拐枣的相对含水量、水势和叶绿素含量均较高，但在复水后，恢复较慢。在干旱和中等灌溉处理下红皮沙拐枣的 MDA含量最低，质膜损伤程度最轻，复水后恢复却较慢；在最高灌溉处理下，红皮沙拐枣的 MDA含量却最高，复水后恢复也最快。干旱处理后3个沙拐枣种均有大量的渗透调节物质（脯氨酸和可溶性糖）累积，在最低灌溉量下为心形＞红皮＞网状沙拐枣，中等和最高灌溉处理下则为网状＞心形＞红皮沙拐枣，复水后降低幅度则为心形＞红皮＞网状沙拐枣。不同处理下心形沙拐枣的根冠比均显著高于其他种，网状沙拐枣相对较低。抗旱性综合评价结果为红皮＞网状＞心形沙拐枣。可见，各项测定指标的种间差异和综合评价结果并不完全一致，总体来看红皮沙拐枣对干旱胁迫的适应性最强，可优先推荐在当地种植。
採用盆栽試驗，研究瞭網狀、心形和紅皮沙枴棘在榦旱脅迫和複水過程中的生理生態響應特徵，併採用隸屬函數法對3箇沙枴棘種的抗旱性進行綜閤評價。結果錶明，榦旱脅迫下，紅皮沙枴棘的相對含水量、水勢和葉綠素含量均較高，但在複水後，恢複較慢。在榦旱和中等灌溉處理下紅皮沙枴棘的 MDA含量最低，質膜損傷程度最輕，複水後恢複卻較慢；在最高灌溉處理下，紅皮沙枴棘的 MDA含量卻最高，複水後恢複也最快。榦旱處理後3箇沙枴棘種均有大量的滲透調節物質（脯氨痠和可溶性糖）纍積，在最低灌溉量下為心形＞紅皮＞網狀沙枴棘，中等和最高灌溉處理下則為網狀＞心形＞紅皮沙枴棘，複水後降低幅度則為心形＞紅皮＞網狀沙枴棘。不同處理下心形沙枴棘的根冠比均顯著高于其他種，網狀沙枴棘相對較低。抗旱性綜閤評價結果為紅皮＞網狀＞心形沙枴棘。可見，各項測定指標的種間差異和綜閤評價結果併不完全一緻，總體來看紅皮沙枴棘對榦旱脅迫的適應性最彊，可優先推薦在噹地種植。
채용분재시험，연구료망상、심형화홍피사괴조재간한협박화복수과정중적생리생태향응특정，병채용대속함수법대3개사괴조충적항한성진행종합평개。결과표명，간한협박하，홍피사괴조적상대함수량、수세화협록소함량균교고，단재복수후，회복교만。재간한화중등관개처리하홍피사괴조적 MDA함량최저，질막손상정도최경，복수후회복각교만；재최고관개처리하，홍피사괴조적 MDA함량각최고，복수후회복야최쾌。간한처리후3개사괴조충균유대량적삼투조절물질（포안산화가용성당）루적，재최저관개량하위심형＞홍피＞망상사괴조，중등화최고관개처리하칙위망상＞심형＞홍피사괴조，복수후강저폭도칙위심형＞홍피＞망상사괴조。불동처리하심형사괴조적근관비균현저고우기타충，망상사괴조상대교저。항한성종합평개결과위홍피＞망상＞심형사괴조。가견，각항측정지표적충간차이화종합평개결과병불완전일치，총체래간홍피사괴조대간한협박적괄응성최강，가우선추천재당지충식。
The influence of drought stress and re-watering on the ecophysiological characteristics of Calligonum cancellatum,C.cordatum,and C.rubicundun was studied in a pot experiment under three irrigation treat-ments.The comprehensive drought resistance of the three Calligonum was compared with their subordinate function.Under water stress,relative water content,water potential,and chlorophyll content of assimilating branches were higher for C.rubicundun,but recovered more slowly after re-watering compared with those of other species.After water stress,the malondialdehyde (MDA)content was lower and recovered more slowly for C.rubicundun under drought and medium irrigation treatments,but was higher and recovered more quickly at high irrigation levels compared with other species.There was a large number of osmotic adj ustment sub-stances (soluble sugar and proline)accumulated in the assimilating branches of the three Calligonum under wa-ter stress.The contents of osmotic adj ustment substances under drought treatment were in the following or-der:C.cordatum>C.rubicundun>C.cancellatum,but under medium and high irrigation treatments they were C.cancellatum>C.cordatum>C.rubicundun.However,the contents of osmotic adjustment substances in C.cordatum decreased more significantly compared to other species after re-watering.In addition,C.cor-datum had significantly higher root/shoot ratios than the other species.Based on the determined indexes under water stress,the comprehensive drought resistance was in the following order:C.rubicundun>C.cancel-latum>C.cordatum.Obviously,the difference of each ecophysiological parameter among species was not con-sistent with that of comprehensive evaluation.Overall,C.rubicundun can be introduced for shelterbelt con-struction because of its strong tolerance and adaptability to drought stress in the southern fringe of the Takli-makan Desert.
