CAJ | 학술논문

通过4周的生长实验，研究饲料中不同铜含量对异育银鲫(Carassius auratus gibelio)[初始体重(128.6±2.0) g]和斑点叉尾(Ictalurus punctatus)[初始体重(159.4±2.0) g]的生长、饲料利用、血液生化以及组织中铜积累量的影响。两种实验鱼的实验饲料均以CuSO4×5H2O为铜源，铜含量分别为3.1(对照)、7.5、49.8、100.5、506.9、965.1和1491.1 mg/kg饲料。实验结果表明，异育银鲫摄食量(FI)随饲料中铜含量的增加无显著影响(P>0.05)，特定生长率(SGR)随着饲料中铜含量的增加而显著下降，在铜含量为1491.1 mg/kg 时出现最低值(P<0.05)，饲料效率(FE)表现出与特定生长率相似的变化趋势。肝体比(HSI)和脏体比(VSI)均随着饲料中铜含量的增加而显著下降(P<0.05)，各处理组间的肥满度(CF)差异不显著(P>0.05)。血浆中谷草转氨酶(GOT)在铜含量为7.5 mg/kg 时达到最低值(P<0.05)，然而血浆中谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(Cu-ZnSOD)活性及红细胞压积(Hct)、血红蛋白浓度(Hb)均不受饲料中铜含量的影响(P>0.05)。肝脏中铜积累量随着饲料中铜含量的增加而无显著影响(P>0.05)，而肌肉中铜含量没有显著差异(P>0.05)。斑点叉尾 FI随饲料中铜含量的增加而显著上升(P<0.05)， SGR 随饲料中铜含量的增加表现出下降的趋势，但是差异不显著(P>0.05)， FE 随饲料中铜含量的增加显著降低(P<0.05)。HSI 和 CF 随饲料中铜含量的变化而显著下降。Hct随铜含量的增加呈现出先上升后下降的趋势，当铜含量为100.5 mg/kg时达到最大值(P<0.05)，然而饲料铜水平对血浆中 GPT、GOT、Cu-Zn SOD活性及 Hb、VSI均无显著影响(P>0.05)。铜在各组织中的积累表现出与异育银鲫相同的变化趋势。饲料中较高浓度铜可抑制斑点叉尾和异育银鲫的生长和饲料利用，且异育银鲫对铜的耐受性高于斑点叉尾。
통과4주적생장실험，연구사료중불동동함량대이육은즉(Carassius auratus gibelio)[초시체중(128.6±2.0) g]화반점차미(Ictalurus punctatus)[초시체중(159.4±2.0) g]적생장、사료이용、혈액생화이급조직중동적루량적영향。량충실험어적실험사료균이CuSO4×5H2O위동원，동함량분별위3.1(대조)、7.5、49.8、100.5、506.9、965.1화1491.1 mg/kg사료。실험결과표명，이육은즉섭식량(FI)수사료중동함량적증가무현저영향(P>0.05)，특정생장솔(SGR)수착사료중동함량적증가이현저하강，재동함량위1491.1 mg/kg 시출현최저치(P<0.05)，사료효솔(FE)표현출여특정생장솔상사적변화추세。간체비(HSI)화장체비(VSI)균수착사료중동함량적증가이현저하강(P<0.05)，각처리조간적비만도(CF)차이불현저(P>0.05)。혈장중곡초전안매(GOT)재동함량위7.5 mg/kg 시체도최저치(P<0.05)，연이혈장중곡병전안매(GPT)、동자초양화물기화매(Cu-ZnSOD)활성급홍세포압적(Hct)、혈홍단백농도(Hb)균불수사료중동함량적영향(P>0.05)。간장중동적루량수착사료중동함량적증가이무현저영향(P>0.05)，이기육중동함량몰유현저차이(P>0.05)。반점차미 FI수사료중동함량적증가이현저상승(P<0.05)， SGR 수사료중동함량적증가표현출하강적추세，단시차이불현저(P>0.05)， FE 수사료중동함량적증가현저강저(P<0.05)。HSI 화 CF 수사료중동함량적변화이현저하강。Hct수동함량적증가정현출선상승후하강적추세，당동함량위100.5 mg/kg시체도최대치(P<0.05)，연이사료동수평대혈장중 GPT、GOT、Cu-Zn SOD활성급 Hb、VSI균무현저영향(P>0.05)。동재각조직중적적루표현출여이육은즉상동적변화추세。사료중교고농도동가억제반점차미화이육은즉적생장화사료이용，차이육은즉대동적내수성고우반점차미。
Experiments were conducted for 4 weeks to investigate the effect of dietary copper at different levels on the growth, feed utilization, hematological parameters and the copper accumulation in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) CAS III [ini-tial body weight of (128.6±2.0) g] and channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)[initial body weight of (159.4±2.0) g]. Seven semipurified diets were supplemented with dietary copper (CuSO4×5H2O) at graded levels (3.1, 7.5, 49.8, 100.5, 506.9, 965.1 and 1491.1 mg/kg diet). The results showed that feeding rate (FI) of gibel carp was not aftected by the increase in the dietary copper concentration (P>0.05);in the contrast the specific growth rate (SGR) significantly decreased. The SGR reached the lowest value when dietary copper concentration was 1491.1 mg/kg (P<0.05). The feed efficiency (FE) showed a similar trend to the SGR. The viscerosomatic index (VSI) and the hepatosomatic index (HSI) also significantly decreased along with the increase in the dietary copper level (P<0.05), but the condition factor (CF) was not affected (P>0.05). The activity of the serum glutamie-oxalacetic transaminase (GOT) was the lowest when dietary copper concentration was 7.5 mg/kg (P<0.05). However, the concentration of the dietary copper did not affect hematocrit (Hct), hemoglobin (Hb), and the activities of serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT) and copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn SOD) (P>0.05). As the concentration of the dietary copper increased, the copper accumulation in the liver and the fish body was significantly elevated accordingly (P<0.05), but the accumulation in fish muscles was not affected (P>0.05). Similarly in channel catfish the FI was not aftected by the concentration of the dietary copper rose (P>0.05);the SGR showed an apparent but non-significant decrease (P>0.05);the FE dropped along with the increase in the dietary copper level (P<0.05);the HSI and the CF significantly decreased as well (P<0.05);but the VSI was not affected by the concentration of the dietary copper (P>0.05). In channel catfish, except for Hct (P<0.05) the dietary copper level did not affect the activities of serum GPT, GOT, Cu-Zn SOD and Hb. The copper accumulation in channel catfish showed a similar trend to gibel carp. In conclusion, dietary copper at high concentrations could decrease the growth and feed utilization in gibel carp and channel catfish, and channel catfish could be more sensitive than gibel carp.