CAJ | 학술논문

恶性黑素瘤是高度转移性肿瘤,对传统的治疗抵抗,黑素瘤的发生涉及遗传和环境因素.大多数黑素瘤为原发性,但部分黑素瘤从黑素细胞痣发展而来.以往认为,长期暴露于紫外线、皮肤黑素细胞逐渐积累致癌基因、肿瘤抑制基因发生突变导致了黑素细胞的增殖,并获得侵袭性和转移的能力,成为黑素瘤.另有假说认为,黑素瘤起源于毛囊外真皮黑素干细胞,紫外线诱导的突变可能会改变正常黑素干细胞自我更新、扩展和分化的过程,导致黑素瘤的形成.深入了解黑素瘤的发生机制,有利于寻求更好的治疗方案.
악성흑소류시고도전이성종류,대전통적치료저항,흑소류적발생섭급유전화배경인소.대다수흑소류위원발성,단부분흑소류종흑소세포지발전이래.이왕인위,장기폭로우자외선、피부흑소세포축점적루치암기인、종류억제기인발생돌변도치료흑소세포적증식,병획득침습성화전이적능력,성위흑소류.령유가설인위,흑소류기원우모낭외진피흑소간세포,자외선유도적돌변가능회개변정상흑소간세포자아경신、확전화분화적과정,도치흑소류적형성.심입료해흑소류적발생궤제,유리우심구경호적치료방안.
Malignant melanoma is a highly metastatic cancer resistant to conventional therapy.The development of melanoma involves both genetic and environmental factors.Most cases of melanoma arise de novo,but some are known to arise in preexisting melanocytic nevi.The traditional hypothesis for melanoma development is that cutaneous melanocytes progressively accumulate mutations in oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes over a long time during exposure to ultraviolet,leading to uncontrolled proliferation of melanocytes with acquisition of invasive and metastatic properties,and finally resulting in melanoma formation.An alternative hypothesis is that melanoma begins in extrafollicular dermal melanocyte stem cells (MSCs).Ultraviolet-induced mutations may cause the development of melanoma by altering the process of self-renewal,expansion and differentiation of normal MSCs.Understanding the mechanism underlying melanoma development is conducive to its treatment.