CAJ | 학술논문

通过实验室模拟初春温度(17℃)条件，研究了沉水植物马来眼子菜( Potamogeton malaianus Miq.)分解过程对其有机碳、总氮和总磷的释放，水体和底泥中有机碳、总氮和总磷含量以及水体中铵态氮和硝态氮含量的影响，同时对水体N2和N2 O的释放状况进行了分析。结果表明：在70 d的实验周期内，马来眼子菜分解迅速，至实验结束时植株失重率达到86.92％，植株中有机碳量、总氮量和总磷量分别较实验初始时降低了88.51％、88.93％和86.63％；底泥中有机碳、总氮和总磷含量分别较实验初始时增加了5.56％、17.06％和2.17％。在马来眼子菜分解过程中，水体中的溶解氧含量和氧化还原电位均较对照明显降低，并呈现在实验初期迅速下降然后逐渐增加并趋于稳定的趋势；水体中的有机碳、总氮、总磷以及铵态氮含量均较对照大幅度增加，并呈现在实验初期迅速上升然后逐渐下降并趋于稳定的趋势；而水体中的硝态氮含量则呈先下降后上升再下降的趋势。水体中N2和N2 O释放通量较对照明显增加，且在实验中期N2和N2 O释放通量达到峰值。研究结果表明：随时间推移，马来眼子菜向水体释放的磷大部分沉积到底泥中，而氮则部分沉积到底泥中、部分以气体形式( N2和N2 O)逸出水体。
통과실험실모의초춘온도(17℃)조건，연구료침수식물마래안자채( Potamogeton malaianus Miq.)분해과정대기유궤탄、총담화총린적석방，수체화저니중유궤탄、총담화총린함량이급수체중안태담화초태담함량적영향，동시대수체N2화N2 O적석방상황진행료분석。결과표명：재70 d적실험주기내，마래안자채분해신속，지실험결속시식주실중솔체도86.92％，식주중유궤탄량、총담량화총린량분별교실험초시시강저료88.51％、88.93％화86.63％；저니중유궤탄、총담화총린함량분별교실험초시시증가료5.56％、17.06％화2.17％。재마래안자채분해과정중，수체중적용해양함량화양화환원전위균교대조명현강저，병정현재실험초기신속하강연후축점증가병추우은정적추세；수체중적유궤탄、총담、총린이급안태담함량균교대조대폭도증가，병정현재실험초기신속상승연후축점하강병추우은정적추세；이수체중적초태담함량칙정선하강후상승재하강적추세。수체중N2화N2 O석방통량교대조명현증가，차재실험중기N2화N2 O석방통량체도봉치。연구결과표명：수시간추이，마래안자채향수체석방적린대부분침적도저니중，이담칙부분침적도저니중、부분이기체형식( N2화N2 O)일출수체。
Through laboratory simulation condition of early spring temperature ( 17 ℃) , effects of decomposing process of submerged plant Potamogeton malaianus Miq. on its release of organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus, on contents of organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in water and sediment and on contents of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen in water were studied, and meanwhile emission status of N2 and N2 O in water were analyzed. The results show that during the experimental period of 70 d, P. malaianus is decayed quickly, its loss weight rate reaches 86. 92% until the end of experiment, and its amounts of organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus decrease by 88. 51%, 88. 93% and 86. 63% as compared to those at the beginning of experiment, respectively. At the end of experiment, contents of organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus in sediment increase by 5. 56%, 17. 06% and 2. 17% as compared to those at the beginning of experiment, respectively. During the decomposing process of P. malaianus, both dissolved oxygen content and oxidation-reduction potential in water decrease obviously as compared to the control with the trend of decreasing quickly at the beginning of experiment and then increasing gradually and becoming stable. Contents of organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and ammonium nitrogen in water increase greatly as compared to the control with the trend of increasing quickly at the beginning of experiment and then decreasing gradually and becoming stable. While content of nitrate nitrogen in water appears the trend of firstly decreasing and then increasing again decreasing. Emission fluxes of N2 and N2 O in water increase obviously as compared to the control and reach the maximum in the middle of experiment period. It is suggested that with prolonging of time, most phosphorus in water released from P. malaianus run into sediment, while a part of nitrogen runs into sediment and a part of nitrogen runs out of water as the form of gas ( N2 and N2 O) .