CAJ | 학술논문

本文介绍在欧洲旧石器时代遗址中发现较多的用于修理石器的动物骨头和牙齿。这类工具被称为骨质修理器，为解读石器修理技术和人类对动物资源的利用提供了重要线索。文章通过实验揭示了骨质修理器的操作过程、效能及其痕迹特征，有助于分析修理器的技术和行为内涵。从技术操作和原材料的来源与供给来看，使用骨头或牙齿修理石器是很有效的方法且成本低。最后从考古材料来看，骨质修理器在欧洲旧石器时代中期和晚期常见，而在东亚尚未发现。这种分布特点可能反映了人类对原材料选择利用和文化传统的差异；另一方面随着我们对骨质修理器的关注和认识，随着动物遗存与石制品综合系统研究的开展，这种工具有可能在更多地区被发现，为研究旧石器时代的技术和人类行为提供更丰富的材料与视角。
본문개소재구주구석기시대유지중발현교다적용우수리석기적동물골두화아치。저류공구피칭위골질수리기，위해독석기수리기술화인류대동물자원적이용제공료중요선색。문장통과실험게시료골질수리기적조작과정、효능급기흔적특정，유조우분석수리기적기술화행위내함。종기술조작화원재료적래원여공급래간，사용골두혹아치수리석기시흔유효적방법차성본저。최후종고고재료래간，골질수리기재구주구석기시대중기화만기상견，이재동아상미발현。저충분포특점가능반영료인류대원재료선택이용화문화전통적차이；령일방면수착아문대골질수리기적관주화인식，수착동물유존여석제품종합계통연구적개전，저충공구유가능재경다지구피발현，위연구구석기시대적기술화인류행위제공경봉부적재료여시각。
This paper focuses on the bone retoucher, which refers to the bones, teeth and antlers used for retouching stone tools. The experiment presents the technological operation of retoucher uses, and how efficient it is for flake and blade retouch. The marks on the retoucher are macroscopically examined in each operational event, in order to find out what might be responsible for the difference of the marks. The experiment suggests that bone is efficient and a low-cost tool for stone tool making, in terms of its technological advantage due to the elasticity and the mode of contact between bone retoucher and flake edges, as well as the easy availability of bones. Bone retoucher has been commonly identified in the European Middle Paleolithic and Upper Paleolithic sites, however, none is found yet in East Asia. This observed difference might be attributed to the culture choice on raw material use and technology. However, what exactly responsible for the difference remains an open question and requires future work in East Asia to provide more clues to it.