CAJ | 학술논문

核子及其激发态性质研究一直是中高能核物理的一个重要研究领域。然而，到目前为止，对核子及其激发态内部结构的了解还处在初级阶段。首先介绍了核子及其激发态研究现状，指出了三夸克模型在描述核子特别是核子激发态内部结构方面存在很大的缺陷。为解决传统三夸克模型的不足，有一种新的观点认为虽然独立的五夸克态不存在，但是核子及其共振态中存在可观的五夸克激发。这种五夸克图像提供了一个描述核子内部结构的新见解，给出了与经典三夸克图像相当不同的核子激发态谱预言，还有待实验检验。目前国内外正在论证的电子-离子对撞机(EIC)将是研究核子结构下一代最重要的加速器装置，被视为“超级电子显微镜”。由于EIC有较高的能量和亮度，特别是低本底等优势，可以开展核子及其激发态性质的研究以及新强子态研究。
핵자급기격발태성질연구일직시중고능핵물리적일개중요연구영역。연이，도목전위지，대핵자급기격발태내부결구적료해환처재초급계단。수선개소료핵자급기격발태연구현상，지출료삼과극모형재묘술핵자특별시핵자격발태내부결구방면존재흔대적결함。위해결전통삼과극모형적불족，유일충신적관점인위수연독립적오과극태불존재，단시핵자급기공진태중존재가관적오과극격발。저충오과극도상제공료일개묘술핵자내부결구적신견해，급출료여경전삼과극도상상당불동적핵자격발태보예언，환유대실험검험。목전국내외정재론증적전자-리자대당궤(EIC)장시연구핵자결구하일대최중요적가속기장치，피시위“초급전자현미경”。유우EIC유교고적능량화량도，특별시저본저등우세，가이개전핵자급기격발태성질적연구이급신강자태연구。
The study of the properties of the nucleon and nucleon resonances is an important field in the high and intermediate energy nuclear physics, however, until now, our understanding about the structure of the nucleon and nucleon resonances is still in its infancy. We give a brief review on the current researches of the nucleon and nucleon resonances, and point out that the classical quark model can not successfully describe the structure of the nucleon and nucleon resonances. For doing this, a new idea claims that although the five-quark state does not exist, but, there could be significant five-quark components in the nucleon and nucleon resonances. This five-quark configure gives different predictions for the nucleon resonances which will be tested by the future experiments. Now, the proposed Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) will be the most important accelerator installation for studying the nucleon structure, and it is called ”super-electronic-microscope”. Because of the high energy and luminosity, and also low background, we can study the properties of the nucleon and nucleon resonances and new hadron states on EIC.