CAJ | 학술논문

以东北粮食主产区典型耕作黑土和黑钙土为研究对象，在测定同一气候和地理位置下两种耕作土壤颗粒组成特征情况的基础上，采用X射线衍射（X RD ）分析方法，对两种耕作土壤的粘粒矿物组成及相关差异进行分析，深入探讨其内在变化机理，是土壤矿物研究的新视角。结果表明：两种供试土壤颗粒组成均以砂粒为主，粘粒、粉粒次之；当颗粒累积率达到50％时，中央粒径分布在15～130μm区间，除胜利乡黑土剖面外，各采样地两类土壤的剖面中粘粒含量的分布顺序呈现出与中央粒径大小相反的趋势。土壤粘粒在两种土壤剖面中呈现不同的分布规律，黑土剖面中粘粒在表层富集（18.82％），而黑钙土剖面中在钙积层富集（17.41％）。除泉眼岭黑土剖面外，其余采样地的土壤剖面中粘粒含量均在母质层中最少。XRD图谱分析显示，不同土壤中粘粒矿物图谱的差异不仅表现在衍射峰的强度及部分衍射峰位的变化上，还表现在矿物组成上。黑土、黑钙土均以2∶1型粘粒矿物为主，黑土组成为蒙伊混层-伊利石-蛭石型，黑钙土为蒙伊混层-伊利石-蒙脱石型，且均含有少量的高岭石、绿泥石、石英等原生矿物。
이동북양식주산구전형경작흑토화흑개토위연구대상，재측정동일기후화지리위치하량충경작토양과립조성특정정황적기출상，채용X사선연사（X RD ）분석방법，대량충경작토양적점립광물조성급상관차이진행분석，심입탐토기내재변화궤리，시토양광물연구적신시각。결과표명：량충공시토양과립조성균이사립위주，점립、분립차지；당과립루적솔체도50％시，중앙립경분포재15～130μm구간，제성리향흑토부면외，각채양지량류토양적부면중점립함량적분포순서정현출여중앙립경대소상반적추세。토양점립재량충토양부면중정현불동적분포규률，흑토부면중점립재표층부집（18.82％），이흑개토부면중재개적층부집（17.41％）。제천안령흑토부면외，기여채양지적토양부면중점립함량균재모질층중최소。XRD도보분석현시，불동토양중점립광물도보적차이불부표현재연사봉적강도급부분연사봉위적변화상，환표현재광물조성상。흑토、흑개토균이2∶1형점립광물위주，흑토조성위몽이혼층-이리석-질석형，흑개토위몽이혼층-이리석-몽탈석형，차균함유소량적고령석、록니석、석영등원생광물。
The present paper took black soil and chernozem ,the typical cultivated soil in major grain producing area of North-east ,as the study object ,and determinated the soil particle composition characteristics of two cultivated soils under the same cli-mate and location .Then XRD was used to study the composition and difference of clay mineral in two kinds of soil and the evolu-tionary mechanism was explored .The results showed that the two kinds of soil particles were composed mainly of the sand ,fol-lowed by clay and silt .When the particle accumulation rate reached 50% ,the central particle size was in the 15~130 μm inter-val .Except for black soil profile of Shengli Xiang ,the content of clay showed converse sequence to the central particle in two soils .Clay accumulated under upper layer (18.82% )in black soil profile w hile under caliche layer (17.41% )in chernozem profile . Clay content was the least in parent material horizon except in black profile of Quanyanling .Analysis of clay XRD atlas showed that the difference lied in not only the strength of diffraction peak ,but also in the mineral composition .The main contents of black soil and chernozem were both 2∶1 clay ,the composition of black soil was smectite/illite mixed layer-illite-vermiculite and that of chernozem was S/I mixture-illite-montmorillonite ,and both of them contained little kaolinite ,chlorite ,quartz and other primary mineral .This paper used XRD to determine the characteristics of clay minerals comprehensively ,and analyzed two kinds of typical cultivated soil comparatively ,and it was a new perspective of soil minerals study .