CAJ | 학술논문

通过2010-2012年的秸秆还田定位试验，利用干、湿筛法研究了不同用量小麦以及玉米秸秆还田后对植烟土壤有机质和团聚体特征的影响。结果表明，随着秸秆还田量的增加，土壤有机质含量、团聚体平均重量直径（MWD）及几何平均直径（GMD）有所增加，但不同秸秆还田对土壤有机质及团聚体特征的效果不同。干筛法测得土壤团聚体的分形维数随两种秸秆还田量增加而减少，湿筛法测得高量玉米秸秆还田（7500 kg/hm2）较低量秸秆还田（1500 kg/hm2）处理的团聚体分形维数显著降低，同时分形维数随着小麦秸秆还田量的增加而降低。等量玉米秸秆较小麦秸秆在提高土壤有机质含量及团聚体特征方面效果较好。土壤有机质与干筛测得MWD及GMD呈极显著正相关，与干筛测得分形维数呈极显著负相关，与湿筛测得GMD及>0.25 mm团聚体含量呈显著性的正相关。总之，通过秸秆还田可增加土壤有机质含量，影响团聚体分布并提高团聚体稳定性。
통과2010-2012년적갈간환전정위시험，이용간、습사법연구료불동용량소맥이급옥미갈간환전후대식연토양유궤질화단취체특정적영향。결과표명，수착갈간환전량적증가，토양유궤질함량、단취체평균중량직경（MWD）급궤하평균직경（GMD）유소증가，단불동갈간환전대토양유궤질급단취체특정적효과불동。간사법측득토양단취체적분형유수수량충갈간환전량증가이감소，습사법측득고량옥미갈간환전（7500 kg/hm2）교저량갈간환전（1500 kg/hm2）처리적단취체분형유수현저강저，동시분형유수수착소맥갈간환전량적증가이강저。등량옥미갈간교소맥갈간재제고토양유궤질함량급단취체특정방면효과교호。토양유궤질여간사측득MWD급GMD정겁현저정상관，여간사측득분형유수정겁현저부상관，여습사측득GMD급>0.25 mm단취체함량정현저성적정상관。총지，통과갈간환전가증가토양유궤질함량，영향단취체분포병제고단취체은정성。
A field experiment from 2009 to 2012 were conducted to study the effects of different amount of wheat and maize straw returning on soil organic matter and characteristic of soil aggregates in tobacco planting field by dry and wet sieving. The result showed that the soil organic matter, mean weight diameter(MWD) and geometric mean diameter(GMD) all increased with the increasing straw rate. But the effect of different straw returning on soil organic matter and characteristic of soil aggregates were different. The dry sieving results indicated that the fractal dimension decreased with the increasing straw rate. The wet sieving results indicated that the fractal dimension of soil aggregates was significantly lower in the high amount of maize straw returning treatment (7500 kg/ha) than that in the low amount of maize straw returning treatment (1500 kg/ha). The fractal dimension decreased with the increasing amount of wheat straw returning. Maize straw returning had a better effect on improving the soil organic matter and characteristic of soil aggregate than the wheat straw returning under the condition of the same straw rate. Significantly positive correlations were obtained between soils organic matter and MWD and GMD by dry sieving, and soil organic matter was positively correlated with GMD and the>0.25 mm aggregates by wet sieving. In conclusion, straw returning could influence the distribution of aggregation and improve the stability of soil aggregates by increasing the soil organic matter.