CAJ | 학술논문

自然风特性包括平均风特性和波动风特性。把自然风看做恒定气流会造成较大的误差，有时甚至会得出完全错误的结论。波动风随时间和空间呈现出强烈的非线性的随机特性，目前主要通过实测和统计分析进行研究。实测是分析自然风特性的重要方法。本文介绍了风速测试中常用仪器的工作原理和适用范围，包括热线风速仪、叶轮风速仪、毕托管风速仪、激光多普勒风速仪和超声波风速仪等设备。本文还归纳了国内外相关自然风的测试研究，从测试综述可知：研究者们多采用超声波风速仪和小型气象站等进行实测，采集到各种时间尺度的风特性数据，进行统计分析得出脉动风的实际特性，从而建立风特性数据库、风速风向模型，经验公式等。
자연풍특성포괄평균풍특성화파동풍특성。파자연풍간주항정기류회조성교대적오차，유시심지회득출완전착오적결론。파동풍수시간화공간정현출강렬적비선성적수궤특성，목전주요통과실측화통계분석진행연구。실측시분석자연풍특성적중요방법。본문개소료풍속측시중상용의기적공작원리화괄용범위，포괄열선풍속의、협륜풍속의、필탁관풍속의、격광다보륵풍속의화초성파풍속의등설비。본문환귀납료국내외상관자연풍적측시연구，종측시종술가지：연구자문다채용초성파풍속의화소형기상참등진행실측，채집도각충시간척도적풍특성수거，진행통계분석득출맥동풍적실제특성，종이건립풍특성수거고、풍속풍향모형，경험공식등。
N ature w ind characteristics consist of averaged and fluctuating w ind characteristics. T aking natural w ind as constant flow m ay cause a larger error or even utterly w rong conclusions. W ith the change of tim e and space, natural w ind m ainly studied by field m easurem ent and statistical analysis appeared to have a strong nonlinear random feature. Since field m easurem entis one ofthe im portantw ays to analyze naturalw ind characteristics,the w orking principle and application scope of general instrum ents for m easuring w ind velocity, such as hot-w ire anem om eter, im peller anem om eter,Pitottube anem om eter,laser D oppler anem om eter,ultrasonic anem om eter,w ere introduced in this paper. A lso,research on w ind m easurem entand analysis athom e and abroad is sum m arized,and the follow ing conclusions are obtained:U ltrasonic anem om eter and sm all w eather station are w idely used for collecting data of nature w ind characteristics. D atabase of w ind characteristics, w ind speed and direction m odel, em pirical form ula are obtained according to the actualcharacteristics ofturbulentw ind based on statisticalanalysis.