CAJ | 학술논문

为给稻茬麦磷素合理的施用提供理论依据,以宁麦9号和豫麦34为材料,采用大田试验研究了氮肥基追比(1∶9,3∶7,5∶5,7∶3,施氮量225 kg/hm2)对土壤速效磷时空变化、植株磷素吸收、土壤磷素平衡的影响。结果表明,拔节至开花期为植株磷素积累高峰期,植株磷素吸收随追肥比例的增加先增后降, N5/5处理积累量最高。拔节前0~40 cm土层速效磷含量随基肥比例的增加而降低,拔节后则随追肥比例的增加先降后增。表观土壤磷素盈亏呈明显的阶段特征,拔节前土壤磷素出现显著的表观盈余,拔节至成熟期则出现不同程度的表观亏缺。全生育期两品种磷素表观盈余量均以N5/5处理最低,N1/9处理较高。综合考虑小麦产量和磷素平衡特征,宁麦9号和豫麦34在105 kg/hm2的施磷量基础上可分别再降低P2 O5用量6.5,8.4 kg/hm2,能够获得较高的小麦产量并减少磷素损失。
위급도치맥린소합리적시용제공이론의거,이저맥9호화예맥34위재료,채용대전시험연구료담비기추비(1∶9,3∶7,5∶5,7∶3,시담량225 kg/hm2)대토양속효린시공변화、식주린소흡수、토양린소평형적영향。결과표명,발절지개화기위식주린소적루고봉기,식주린소흡수수추비비례적증가선증후강, N5/5처리적루량최고。발절전0~40 cm토층속효린함량수기비비례적증가이강저,발절후칙수추비비례적증가선강후증。표관토양린소영우정명현적계단특정,발절전토양린소출현현저적표관영여,발절지성숙기칙출현불동정도적표관우결。전생육기량품충린소표관영여량균이N5/5처리최저,N1/9처리교고。종합고필소맥산량화린소평형특정,저맥9호화예맥34재105 kg/hm2적시린량기출상가분별재강저P2 O5용량6.5,8.4 kg/hm2,능구획득교고적소맥산량병감소린소손실。
It is very important to elucidate temporal-spatial distribution of soil available phosphorus ( P ) con-tent,P uptake and soil P apparent surplus amount to better utilize P fertilizer. In this study,by using two cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv Ningmai 9 & cv Yumai 34),field experiments with different nitrogen applications (0 kg/ha and 1∶9,3∶7,5∶5,7∶3 at 225 kg/ha) were conducted in Nanjing during 2010 and 2011. The results showed that P uptake peak was from jointing to anthesis,and the treatment N5/5 reached the highest. Soil available P content in 0-40 cm soil layer decreased with the increase of basal nitrogen fertilizer application before jointing, and was the lowest when the basal to topdressing fertilization ratio was at 5∶5 after jointing. Soil P surpluses and deficits were obviously linked to growth-stage features. P surplus occurred from sowing to jointing,and P deficit oc-curred from jointing to maturity. During the whole growing season,P apparent surplus was the lowest when the basal to topdressing nitrogen fertilization ratio was at 5∶5,and the highest when the basal to topdressing nitrogen fertiliza-tion ratio was at 1∶9. It can be concluded that Ningmai 9 and Yumai 34 reduced P2 O5 rate 6. 5 and 8. 4 kg/ha at 105 kg/ha respectively,combined application of 225 kg/ha ( the basal to topdressing fertilization ratio was 5∶5 ) , which could improve grain yield and reduce loss of P in wheat production.