海峡药学
海峽藥學
해협약학
STRAIT PHARMACEUTICAL JOURNAL
2014年
6期
93-95
,共3页
儿童%泌尿道感染%病原菌%抗菌药物%耐药性
兒童%泌尿道感染%病原菌%抗菌藥物%耐藥性
인동%비뇨도감염%병원균%항균약물%내약성
Children%Urinary tract infection%Pathogenic bacteria%Antibacterial agents%Drug resistance
目的：了解儿童泌尿道感染病原菌的分布及其耐药状况，指导临床合理用药。方法对2011年1月至2013年12月我院儿科送检的中段尿标本进行分离培养，采用法国生物梅里埃VITEK-2全自动细菌鉴定分析仪进行鉴定和药敏试验，使用 WHONET5.6软件进行数据统计分析。结果儿童中段尿标本临床分离株共322株，其中革兰阳性菌196株占60.87％，革兰阴性菌114株占35.40％，真菌12株占3.73％。以肠球菌属187株最为多见，占58.07％；其次为大肠埃希菌45株占13.97％。万古霉素耐药肠球菌（ VRE）的检出率粪肠球菌为0％，屎肠球菌为2.31％；粪肠球菌对氨苄西林、青霉素耐药率为10％～15％，屎肠球菌对氨苄西林、青霉素耐药率为100％；肠球菌对利奈唑胺、替加环素、替考拉宁、磷霉素耐药率为0％。大肠埃希菌对头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、头孢替坦、头孢吡肟、亚胺培南、丁胺卡那、妥布霉素、呋喃妥因、磷霉素耐药率均＜15％。结论儿童泌尿道感染中段尿培养病原菌主要以肠球菌为主，其次为大肠埃希菌，两者占72.05％，VRE的检出率为2.31％，不同地区、不同医院尿分离菌不同，对临床常用抗生素敏感性不同，应根据药敏结果选用敏感抗生素进行治疗。
目的：瞭解兒童泌尿道感染病原菌的分佈及其耐藥狀況，指導臨床閤理用藥。方法對2011年1月至2013年12月我院兒科送檢的中段尿標本進行分離培養，採用法國生物梅裏埃VITEK-2全自動細菌鑒定分析儀進行鑒定和藥敏試驗，使用 WHONET5.6軟件進行數據統計分析。結果兒童中段尿標本臨床分離株共322株，其中革蘭暘性菌196株佔60.87％，革蘭陰性菌114株佔35.40％，真菌12株佔3.73％。以腸毬菌屬187株最為多見，佔58.07％；其次為大腸埃希菌45株佔13.97％。萬古黴素耐藥腸毬菌（ VRE）的檢齣率糞腸毬菌為0％，屎腸毬菌為2.31％；糞腸毬菌對氨芐西林、青黴素耐藥率為10％～15％，屎腸毬菌對氨芐西林、青黴素耐藥率為100％；腸毬菌對利奈唑胺、替加環素、替攷拉寧、燐黴素耐藥率為0％。大腸埃希菌對頭孢哌酮/舒巴坦、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、頭孢替坦、頭孢吡肟、亞胺培南、丁胺卡那、妥佈黴素、呋喃妥因、燐黴素耐藥率均＜15％。結論兒童泌尿道感染中段尿培養病原菌主要以腸毬菌為主，其次為大腸埃希菌，兩者佔72.05％，VRE的檢齣率為2.31％，不同地區、不同醫院尿分離菌不同，對臨床常用抗生素敏感性不同，應根據藥敏結果選用敏感抗生素進行治療。
목적：료해인동비뇨도감염병원균적분포급기내약상황，지도림상합리용약。방법대2011년1월지2013년12월아원인과송검적중단뇨표본진행분리배양，채용법국생물매리애VITEK-2전자동세균감정분석의진행감정화약민시험，사용 WHONET5.6연건진행수거통계분석。결과인동중단뇨표본림상분리주공322주，기중혁란양성균196주점60.87％，혁란음성균114주점35.40％，진균12주점3.73％。이장구균속187주최위다견，점58.07％；기차위대장애희균45주점13.97％。만고매소내약장구균（ VRE）적검출솔분장구균위0％，시장구균위2.31％；분장구균대안변서림、청매소내약솔위10％～15％，시장구균대안변서림、청매소내약솔위100％；장구균대리내서알、체가배소、체고랍저、린매소내약솔위0％。대장애희균대두포고동/서파탄、고랍서림/타서파탄、두포체탄、두포필우、아알배남、정알잡나、타포매소、부남타인、린매소내약솔균＜15％。결론인동비뇨도감염중단뇨배양병원균주요이장구균위주，기차위대장애희균，량자점72.05％，VRE적검출솔위2.31％，불동지구、불동의원뇨분리균불동，대림상상용항생소민감성불동，응근거약민결과선용민감항생소진행치료。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and resistance of pathogens in children with urinary tract infection to guide rational clinical therapy.METHODS The strains were isolated and cultured from midstream urine specimens of children in our hospital pediatrics from Jan.2011 to Dec.2013.The VITEK-2 system was used to identify the strains and perform the susceptibility testing.The WHONET5.6 software was used to analyze the dates.RESULTS A total of 322 clinical isolates were collected from midstream urine specimens of children in pedi-atrics,60.87%(196/322) were gram-positive organisms,35.4%(114/322) were gram-negative,while 3.73%(12/322 ) were fungi.Enterococcus were the most prevalent species , accounting for 58.07%;followed by E.coli (13.97%).The prevalence of VRE was 0% in E.faecalis and 2.31% in E.faecium.The resistance rates of E-.faecalis to ampicillin、penicillin were between 10%~15%,while E.faecium were 100%;but they were all sensitive to linezolid、tigecycline、teicoplanin、fosfomycin.The resistance rates of E.coli to cefoperazone/sulbactam、piperacil-lin/tazobactam、cefotetan、cefepime、imipenem、amikacin、tobramycin、nitrofurantoin、fosfomycin were lower than 15%.CONCLUSION Enterococcus are the main clinical isolated in urine with children ,followed by E.coil,adding up to 72.05%of all the isolates in urine.The prevalence of VRE is 2.31%.Distribution and common antibiotics resist-ance of pathogens varies greatly with different regions and hospital ,clinical treatment must be based on the suscepti-bility testing.
