中华流行病学杂志
中華流行病學雜誌
중화류행병학잡지
CHINESE JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
2014年
11期
1275-1277
,共3页
呼吸道疾病%流行病学%上呼吸道感染
呼吸道疾病%流行病學%上呼吸道感染
호흡도질병%류행병학%상호흡도감염
Respiratory disease%Epidemiology%Upper respiratory tract infection
目的 分析济南市儿童呼吸道疾病流行病学特征,为卫生行政部门制定相关控制措施提供科学依据.方法 以济南市齐鲁医院2013年1月至2014年5月1 300例呼吸道疾病患儿为研究对象,整理临床资料,对呼吸道疾病种类、分布以及病原菌进行数据统计分析.结果 1 300例呼吸道疾病患儿中肺炎373例(28.7％)、肺结核3例(0.2％)、急性支气管炎467例(35.9％)、哮喘102例(7.8％)和上呼吸道感染355例(27.3％);上呼吸道感染包括扁桃体炎(168例,12.9％)、咽炎(91例,7.0％)、喉炎(52例,4.0％)和咽喉炎(44例,3.4％).患儿年龄分布为＜1岁组71例(5.5％)、1 ～岁组385例(29.6％)、3～岁组534例(41.1％)、7～岁组258例(19.8％)和＞13岁组52例(4.0％);发病有明显的季节分布,春季为364例(28.0％)、夏季为163例(12.5％)、秋季为315例(24.2％)和冬季为458例(35.2％);患儿地区分布明显,其中城区516例(39.7％)、城郊225例(17.3％)、乡镇376例(28.9％)和农村183例(14.1％).共分离鉴定725株病原菌,其中以肺炎支原体最多(349株,48.1％),其次为流感嗜血杆菌(136株,18.8％)、肺炎链球菌(103株,14.2％)、肺炎克雷伯菌(82株,11.3％)、鲍曼不动杆菌(38株,5.2％)、阴沟肠杆菌(35株,4.8％)、化脓链球菌(22株,3.0％)、产碱菌属(17株,2.3％)、白色假丝酵母菌(16株,2.2％)和产吲哚黄杆菌(9株,1.2％).临床治愈1 288例,治愈率为99.1％.结论 济南市儿童呼吸道疾病以急性支气管炎、肺炎和上呼吸道感染常见,发病多集中在3～6岁学龄前儿童,多发于春冬两季,且多见于城镇儿童.
目的 分析濟南市兒童呼吸道疾病流行病學特徵,為衛生行政部門製定相關控製措施提供科學依據.方法 以濟南市齊魯醫院2013年1月至2014年5月1 300例呼吸道疾病患兒為研究對象,整理臨床資料,對呼吸道疾病種類、分佈以及病原菌進行數據統計分析.結果 1 300例呼吸道疾病患兒中肺炎373例(28.7％)、肺結覈3例(0.2％)、急性支氣管炎467例(35.9％)、哮喘102例(7.8％)和上呼吸道感染355例(27.3％);上呼吸道感染包括扁桃體炎(168例,12.9％)、嚥炎(91例,7.0％)、喉炎(52例,4.0％)和嚥喉炎(44例,3.4％).患兒年齡分佈為＜1歲組71例(5.5％)、1 ～歲組385例(29.6％)、3～歲組534例(41.1％)、7～歲組258例(19.8％)和＞13歲組52例(4.0％);髮病有明顯的季節分佈,春季為364例(28.0％)、夏季為163例(12.5％)、鞦季為315例(24.2％)和鼕季為458例(35.2％);患兒地區分佈明顯,其中城區516例(39.7％)、城郊225例(17.3％)、鄉鎮376例(28.9％)和農村183例(14.1％).共分離鑒定725株病原菌,其中以肺炎支原體最多(349株,48.1％),其次為流感嗜血桿菌(136株,18.8％)、肺炎鏈毬菌(103株,14.2％)、肺炎剋雷伯菌(82株,11.3％)、鮑曼不動桿菌(38株,5.2％)、陰溝腸桿菌(35株,4.8％)、化膿鏈毬菌(22株,3.0％)、產堿菌屬(17株,2.3％)、白色假絲酵母菌(16株,2.2％)和產吲哚黃桿菌(9株,1.2％).臨床治愈1 288例,治愈率為99.1％.結論 濟南市兒童呼吸道疾病以急性支氣管炎、肺炎和上呼吸道感染常見,髮病多集中在3～6歲學齡前兒童,多髮于春鼕兩季,且多見于城鎮兒童.
목적 분석제남시인동호흡도질병류행병학특정,위위생행정부문제정상관공제조시제공과학의거.방법 이제남시제로의원2013년1월지2014년5월1 300례호흡도질병환인위연구대상,정리림상자료,대호흡도질병충류、분포이급병원균진행수거통계분석.결과 1 300례호흡도질병환인중폐염373례(28.7％)、폐결핵3례(0.2％)、급성지기관염467례(35.9％)、효천102례(7.8％)화상호흡도감염355례(27.3％);상호흡도감염포괄편도체염(168례,12.9％)、인염(91례,7.0％)、후염(52례,4.0％)화인후염(44례,3.4％).환인년령분포위＜1세조71례(5.5％)、1 ～세조385례(29.6％)、3～세조534례(41.1％)、7～세조258례(19.8％)화＞13세조52례(4.0％);발병유명현적계절분포,춘계위364례(28.0％)、하계위163례(12.5％)、추계위315례(24.2％)화동계위458례(35.2％);환인지구분포명현,기중성구516례(39.7％)、성교225례(17.3％)、향진376례(28.9％)화농촌183례(14.1％).공분리감정725주병원균,기중이폐염지원체최다(349주,48.1％),기차위류감기혈간균(136주,18.8％)、폐염련구균(103주,14.2％)、폐염극뢰백균(82주,11.3％)、포만불동간균(38주,5.2％)、음구장간균(35주,4.8％)、화농련구균(22주,3.0％)、산감균속(17주,2.3％)、백색가사효모균(16주,2.2％)화산신타황간균(9주,1.2％).림상치유1 288례,치유솔위99.1％.결론 제남시인동호흡도질병이급성지기관염、폐염화상호흡도감염상견,발병다집중재3～6세학령전인동,다발우춘동량계,차다견우성진인동.
Objective To analyze the characteristics of respiratory diseases and to provide scientific basis for developing relevant control measures.Methods 1 300 children with respiratory diseases were treated in hospitals,from Jan.2013 to May 2014,in the city of Jinan.Characteristics of respiratory diseases were analyzed.Results The distribution of respiratory diseases in children appeared as:373 cases of pneumonia (28.7％),3 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis (0.2％),467 cases of acute bronchitis (35.9％),102 cases of asthma (7.8％),and 355 cases of upper respiratory tract infection (27.3％).The upper respiratory tract infection contained 168 cases of tonsillitis (12.9％),91 cases of pharyngitis (7.0％),52 cases of laryngitis (4.0％) and 44 cases of iaryngopharyngitis (3.4％).The age distribution of cases with children respiratory diseases appeared as:71 cases ＜ 1 years old (5.5％),385 cases as 1-2 years old (29.6％),534 cases as 3-6 years old (41.1％),258 cases as 7-12 years old (19.8％) and 52 cases as ＞13 years old (4.0％).The seasonal distribution of children respiratory diseases appeared as:364 cases in Spring (28.0％),163 cases in summer (12.5％),315 cases in autumn (24.2％) and 458 cases in winter (35.2％).Regional distribution of children respiratory diseases appeared as:516 cases in urban area (39.7％),225 cases in suburb (17.3％),376 cases in townships (28.9％) and 183 in villages (14.1％).725 strains were isolated and identified that containing 349 strains (48.1％) of Mycoplasma pneumoniae,136 strains (18.8％) of Haemophilus influenza,103 strains (14.2％) of Streptococcus pneumoniae,82 strains (11.3％) of Klebsiella pneumoniae,38 strains (5.2％) of Acinetobacter baumannii,35 strains(4.8％) of Enterobacter cloacae,22 strains (3.0％) of Streptococcus pyogenes,17 strains (2.3％) of Alcaligenes,16 strains (2.2％ of Candida albicans) and 9 strains (1.2％) of Flavobacterium indologenes.1 288 cases (99.1％) were cured.Conclusion The common respiratory diseases would include bronchiolitis,pneumonia and upper respiratory tract infections in children,mostly attacking 3-6 year-olds at preschool stage,with spring,winter,urban and township as the prevalent seasons and areas.
