CAJ | 학술논문

微卫星DNA广泛存在于真核和原核生物的基因组中，具有多态性丰富、易于检测等特点，在遗传图谱的构建、动植物遗传学育种等方面被广泛应用。利用5′锚定PCR技术对桃小食心虫、桃蛀螟、玉米螟、二点委夜蛾、花蓟马、黄胸蓟马、棕榈蓟马、斑翅果蝇、稻水象甲、扶桑绵粉蚧10种重要农业害虫进行微卫星DNA筛选，并分析各个物种的微卫星DNA的特点。不同物种的阳性克隆率、微卫星比率、克隆效率和冗余率存在不同程度的差异；在核苷酸碱基数目上，主要为二核苷酸重复序列，占重复位点总数的93．2％～100％，三、四核苷酸重复位点较少。在二核苷酸重复位点中， CA/TG重复位点最为丰富，占重复位点总数的89．2％～100％。这与使用的锚定引物密切相关；10种害虫的微卫星DNA平均重复次数为6．7～8．9次，其中玉米螟具有最高的微卫星DNA重复次数（34次）；在序列类型上，完全型序列占上述害虫序列总数的91．0％～100％。5′锚定PCR技术能够快速挖掘害虫的微卫星DNA位点，本研究结果为这些害虫微卫星位点的进一步利用奠定了基础。
미위성DNA엄범존재우진핵화원핵생물적기인조중，구유다태성봉부、역우검측등특점，재유전도보적구건、동식물유전학육충등방면피엄범응용。이용5′묘정PCR기술대도소식심충、도주명、옥미명、이점위야아、화계마、황흉계마、종려계마、반시과승、도수상갑、부상면분개10충중요농업해충진행미위성DNA사선，병분석각개물충적미위성DNA적특점。불동물충적양성극륭솔、미위성비솔、극륭효솔화용여솔존재불동정도적차이；재핵감산감기수목상，주요위이핵감산중복서렬，점중복위점총수적93．2％～100％，삼、사핵감산중복위점교소。재이핵감산중복위점중， CA/TG중복위점최위봉부，점중복위점총수적89．2％～100％。저여사용적묘정인물밀절상관；10충해충적미위성DNA평균중복차수위6．7～8．9차，기중옥미명구유최고적미위성DNA중복차수（34차）；재서렬류형상，완전형서렬점상술해충서렬총수적91．0％～100％。5′묘정PCR기술능구쾌속알굴해충적미위성DNA위점，본연구결과위저사해충미위성위점적진일보이용전정료기출。
Background Microsatellite DNA consists of both prokatryotic and eukaryotic genomes .The characteristics include rich polymorphism and easy detection .The technique has been applied in animal and plant genetics and breeding , for the construction for genetic maps .[Method]Using the 5′anchored PCR method , microsatellite DNA from 10 important agricultural pests were isola-ted and analyzed , including Carposina sasakii ( Lepidoptera: Carposinidae ) , Conogethes punctiferalis ( Lepidoptera: Pyralidae ) , Ostrinia nubilalis ( Lepidoptera: Pyralidae ) , Proxenus lepigone ( Lepidoptera: Noctuidae ) , Frankliniella intonsa ( Thysanoptera:Thripidae), Thrips hamaiiensis (Thysanoptera:Thripidae), Thrips palmi (Thysanoptera:Thripidae), Drosophila suzukii (Diptera:Drosophilidae ) , Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus ( Coleoptera:Curculionidae ) and Phenacoccus solenopsis ( Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae ) . The characteristics of microsatellite DNA in these insects were analyzed .[Result]The positive clone rates , microsatellite rates , clo-ning efficiency and redundancy rates of microsatellite DNA among the species were variable .Dinucleotide repeats were the most a-bundant repeat types (93.2%~100%), while trinucleotide and tetranucleotide were rare .Among the dinucleotide repeats , AC/GT is the most abundant type (89.2%~100%).This is closely related to the anchor primer;The average repeat number within these species was 6.7~8.9 and the highest repeat number (34) was detected in O.nubilalis;The types of microsatellite mainly consist of the perfect type ( 91 .0%~100%) .[Conclusion and significance]The anchored method can be used to reveal the microsatellite DNA in the agricultural pests , and can be used in monitoring and detection .