CAJ | 학술논문

对于含电动汽车和风电机组的虚拟发电厂，由于可调度充放电的电动汽车数量和风电机组出力均存在明显的不确定性，这样虚拟电厂在电力市场中参与竞价时就必须考虑这些不确定性。在此背景下，计及上述不确定性因素的影响，并在下述假定的基础上研究了含电动汽车和风电机组的虚拟发电厂竞价策略：风机出力的上下限为随机变量；日前能量市场和调节市场电价均为波动区间已知的随机变量；虚拟电厂中可调度充放电的电动汽车数量足够大，能够在平抑虚拟电厂内的风电机组出力波动的同时参与调节市场竞价。在同时考虑电动汽车电池放电损耗成本以及调节备用被实际调用比例的情形下，构建了虚拟电厂参与日前能量市场和调节市场的联合竞价策略的鲁棒优化模型。之后，采用IBM公司开发的高效商业求解器 CPLEX 12.2对模型进行了求解。最后，通过算例对所构建的模型和采用的方法进行了验证，算例结果表明了所建立模型的合理性和求解方法的有效性。
대우함전동기차화풍전궤조적허의발전엄，유우가조도충방전적전동기차수량화풍전궤조출력균존재명현적불학정성，저양허의전엄재전력시장중삼여경개시취필수고필저사불학정성。재차배경하，계급상술불학정성인소적영향，병재하술가정적기출상연구료함전동기차화풍전궤조적허의발전엄경개책략：풍궤출력적상하한위수궤변량；일전능량시장화조절시장전개균위파동구간이지적수궤변량；허의전엄중가조도충방전적전동기차수량족구대，능구재평억허의전엄내적풍전궤조출력파동적동시삼여조절시장경개。재동시고필전동기차전지방전손모성본이급조절비용피실제조용비례적정형하，구건료허의전엄삼여일전능량시장화조절시장적연합경개책략적로봉우화모형。지후，채용IBM공사개발적고효상업구해기 CPLEX 12.2대모형진행료구해。최후，통과산례대소구건적모형화채용적방법진행료험증，산례결과표명료소건립모형적합이성화구해방법적유효성。
The output of a virtual power plant(VPP)with wind power and dispatchable plug-in electric vehicles(EVs)included fluctuates as the result of the intermittence of wind power and uncertain number of EVs.Thus,in participating the competition in an electricity market,a VPP must address its output uncertainty.Given this background,the problems of developing a joint optimal bidding strategy for a VPP in the day-ahead spot market and regulation market are examined,with a special focus on the impacts of uncertain factors.Some assumptions are made:(1)the up and low limits of the wind power output are modelled as stochastic variables;(2) the electricity market prices in the day-ahead spot market and regulation market are modeled as stochastic variables with given intervals;(3) the number of EVs is huge,and could mitigate the output intermittence of wind power and at the same time participate the regulation market.Under these assumptions,a joint bidding strategy model for a VPP participating in the day-ahead spot and regulation markets is presented based on the robust optimization theory,with the battery discharging cost and the expected percentage of the bidded reserve capacity dispatched in each bidding period taken into account.Then,the commercial solver CPLEX 12.2 is next used to solve the developed robust optimization model.Finally,a sample example is employed to demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of the developed model and algorithm.