CAJ | 학술논문

实现对受到病原侵染的小麦植株进行早期检测，对于小麦病害的监测预警和及早防治具有重要意义。为研究热红外成像技术早期检测小麦病害的可行性，该研究以小麦条锈病为例，以健康小麦植株、条锈病潜育期和发病期小麦植株为试验材料，利用热红外成像技术采集他们的热红外图像和叶片温度，在潜育期内连续检测其热红外图像和叶片温度随接种天数的变化。通过图像对比发现，接种后第5天，肉眼观察热红外图像可将受到侵染但未显症的小麦植株与健康植株区分开来。进一步数据处理，表明接种后第3天处于条锈病潜育期的小麦植株叶片平均温度和不同部位最大温差分别比健康植株叶片的低0.08℃和高0.04℃（P＜0.05），可将处于条锈病潜育期的小麦植株与健康植株区分开来。随着接种后天数的增加，处于条锈病潜育期的小麦植株叶片的平均温度和最大温差与健康小麦植株叶片的差异逐渐增大。接种后第12天，接种小麦植株叶片平均温度比健康植株叶片低1.22℃，接种小麦植株叶片最大温差比健康植株叶片高1.58℃。可见，利用热红外成像技术可以早期检测到小麦受到病原侵染后的温度变化，热红外成像技术作为一种小麦病害早期检测的方法是可行的。
실현대수도병원침염적소맥식주진행조기검측，대우소맥병해적감측예경화급조방치구유중요의의。위연구열홍외성상기술조기검측소맥병해적가행성，해연구이소맥조수병위례，이건강소맥식주、조수병잠육기화발병기소맥식주위시험재료，이용열홍외성상기술채집타문적열홍외도상화협편온도，재잠육기내련속검측기열홍외도상화협편온도수접충천수적변화。통과도상대비발현，접충후제5천，육안관찰열홍외도상가장수도침염단미현증적소맥식주여건강식주구분개래。진일보수거처리，표명접충후제3천처우조수병잠육기적소맥식주협편평균온도화불동부위최대온차분별비건강식주협편적저0.08℃화고0.04℃（P＜0.05），가장처우조수병잠육기적소맥식주여건강식주구분개래。수착접충후천수적증가，처우조수병잠육기적소맥식주협편적평균온도화최대온차여건강소맥식주협편적차이축점증대。접충후제12천，접충소맥식주협편평균온도비건강식주협편저1.22℃，접충소맥식주협편최대온차비건강식주협편고1.58℃。가견，이용열홍외성상기술가이조기검측도소맥수도병원침염후적온도변화，열홍외성상기술작위일충소맥병해조기검측적방법시가행적。
Wheat can be infected by various pathogens, resulting in a variety of disease symptoms. Early detection of the pathogen infection before symptom appearance is essential for disease monitoring and warning, disease control and the improvement of wheat production. Wheat stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformisf. sp. tritici (Pst) is an important airborne fungal disease. This study investigated the possibility of thermal infrared imaging technology used for early detection of wheat stripe rust since thePst infection can result in changes of transpiration rate of wheat leaves and thus may result in changes in leaf temperature. The healthy wheat plants were subjected to artificial spray inoculation withPst urediospore suspension in an artificial climate chamber. Thermal infrared images and data on leaf temperature ofPst-infected wheat plants in incubation period (no symptom appearance) were collected daily using thermal infrared imaging technology. Meanwhile, healthy wheat plants and diseased wheat plants with symptoms infected withPst were chosen as controls. The variation of thermal infrared images and leaf temperature of wheat plants was analyzed. The results showed that the infection withPst resulted in a decrease in temperature at the infected parts of wheat leaves, but the leaves of healthy wheat plants and diseased wheat plants with symptoms had no obvious changes in average temperature and maximum temperature difference (MTD) at different parts of leaves. On 5 days post inoculation (dpi), the positions of the leaves ofPst-infected wheat plants in incubation period in the thermal infrared images appeared light yellow and thesePst-infected wheat plants could be distinguished from the healthy plants by visual observation of thermal infrared images. On 8 dpi, there were yellow spots appearing in the thermal infrared images ofPst-infected wheat plants in incubation period. Then on 12 dpi, the yellow spots turned green in the thermal infrared images and there were small uredinia appearing on the wheat leaves. Data analysis of leaf temperature showed that on 3 dpi, there were significant differences (P<0.05) between the leaves ofPst-infected wheat plants in incubation period and the leaves of healthy wheat plants in average temperature and MTD, and that the leaves ofPst-infected wheat plants exhibited a decease in average temperature by 0.08℃, lower than the leaves of healthy wheat plants, but exhibited an increase in MTD by 0.04℃, higher than the leaves of healthy wheat plants. So wheat plants in incubation period without disease symptoms could be distinguished from the healthy wheat plants via temperature difference. With the increase of the number of days after inoculation, the difference in average temperature and MTD between the leaves ofPst-infected wheat plants and the leaves of healthy wheat plants gradually increased. On 12 dpi, the average temperature of the leaves ofPst-infected wheat plants decreased by 1.22℃ than that of the leaves of healthy wheat plants, and MTD of the leaves ofPst-infected wheat plants increased by 1.58℃ than that of the leaves of healthy wheat plants. Meanwhile, with the increase of the number of days after inoculation, the difference in average temperature and MTD between the leaves ofPst-infected wheat plants in incubation period and the leaves of diseased wheat plants with symptoms gradually decreased. And on 12 dpi, the average temperature of the leaves ofPst-infected wheat plants exhibited 0.27℃ higher than that of the leaves of diseased wheat controls, and MTD of the leaves ofPst-infected wheat plants was 0.30℃ lower than that of the leaves of diseased wheat controls. The results indicated thatPst infection could be detected by visual observation of thermal infrared images at 7 days before the disease symptom apparently appeared and that the infection could be detected by analyzing temperature difference based on thermal infrared images at 9 days before the disease symptom was observed. The results demonstrated that early detection of wheat stripe rust can be realized using thermal infrared imaging technology. This study provides a new method based on thermal infrared imaging for early detection of wheat diseases.