CAJ | 학술논문

背景：研究证明，运动是骨质疏松症治疗的重要组成部分，适量的运动可以改善骨代谢、提高骨生物力学性能、增加骨密度。 　　目的：从运动对骨代谢的影响、运动对骨生物力学的影响、运动对不同年龄段人群骨密度的影响及不同运动方式、运动强度、运动时间和频率对骨质疏松症的影响等方面，就运动干预对原发性骨质疏松症的研究现状进行探讨。 　　方法：检索2000年1月至2014年6月PubMed数据库及维普中文科技数据库。英文检索词为“Osteoporosis；Bone Density；Bone Diseases，Metabolic；Exercise Therapy”；中文检索词为“骨质疏松症；运动干预；骨密度；骨代谢”。根据纳入标准保留33篇进一步归纳总结。 　　结果与结论：运动对骨代谢影响的实验提示中等强度运动刺激和雌激素都可以改善骨质疏松的发生程度，对于骨质疏松症的预防、减缓及治疗有积极意义。经过适量运动训练，大鼠去卵巢后体内骨改建的高转换状态可以得到缓解。运动对骨生物力学的影响研究显示，运动和雌激素均能显著提高大鼠股骨骨密度和骨生物力学性能，但运动能够更好地提高骨硬度和增强骨抵抗变形的能力。说明运动训练对骨质疏松大鼠的骨骼和肌肉有良好的刺激效果，肌肉的增大对骨骼质量也有良性的刺激作用。研究结果提示，参加体育活动越早，有可能获得的骨峰值越高，任何时候开始有规律的运动，对维持一定的骨量都有积极的作用。不同时期的运动作用效果不同，儿童期增加骨量，成人期获得骨量并保存骨量，老年期保存骨量减少骨丢失，因此，不同的运动方式和运动强度、频率对骨密度的影响也不同，应根据患者的实际情况，选择合适的运动方式。
배경：연구증명，운동시골질소송증치료적중요조성부분，괄량적운동가이개선골대사、제고골생물역학성능、증가골밀도。 　　목적：종운동대골대사적영향、운동대골생물역학적영향、운동대불동년령단인군골밀도적영향급불동운동방식、운동강도、운동시간화빈솔대골질소송증적영향등방면，취운동간예대원발성골질소송증적연구현상진행탐토。 　　방법：검색2000년1월지2014년6월PubMed수거고급유보중문과기수거고。영문검색사위“Osteoporosis；Bone Density；Bone Diseases，Metabolic；Exercise Therapy”；중문검색사위“골질소송증；운동간예；골밀도；골대사”。근거납입표준보류33편진일보귀납총결。 　　결과여결론：운동대골대사영향적실험제시중등강도운동자격화자격소도가이개선골질소송적발생정도，대우골질소송증적예방、감완급치료유적겁의의。경과괄량운동훈련，대서거란소후체내골개건적고전환상태가이득도완해。운동대골생물역학적영향연구현시，운동화자격소균능현저제고대서고골골밀도화골생물역학성능，단운동능구경호지제고골경도화증강골저항변형적능력。설명운동훈련대골질소송대서적골격화기육유량호적자격효과，기육적증대대골격질량야유량성적자격작용。연구결과제시，삼가체육활동월조，유가능획득적골봉치월고，임하시후개시유규률적운동，대유지일정적골량도유적겁적작용。불동시기적운동작용효과불동，인동기증가골량，성인기획득골량병보존골량，노년기보존골량감소골주실，인차，불동적운동방식화운동강도、빈솔대골밀도적영향야불동，응근거환자적실제정황，선택합괄적운동방식。
BACKGROUND:The studies have shown that exercise is an important part of the treatment of osteoporosis, and moderate exercise can improve bone metabolism, improve the biomechanical properties of bone and increase bone density. OBJECTIVE:From aspects of the effects of exercise on bone metabolism, bone biomechanics and bone mineral density in different age, and effects of exercise pattern, exercise intensity, exercise time and frequency on osteoporosis, to investigate the research status of exercise intervention on primary osteoporosis. METHODPubMed database and VIP Chinese Science and Technology Database were retrieved for articles published from January 2000 to June 2014. The keywords were“osteoporosis;bone density;bone diseases, metabolic;exercise therapy”in English and Chinese. According to the inclusion criteria, 33 articles were further summarized. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the experiments of exercise effect on bone metabolism, the moderate-intensity exercise stimulation and estrogen can improve osteoporosis, and has positive significance for the prevention, mitigation and treatment of osteoporosis. After the appropriate amount of exercise training, in vivo bone remodeling of ovariectomized rats at high conversion status can be al eviated. Research about the effects of exercise on bone biomechanics have shown that exercise and estrogen can significantly increase bone mineral density and bone biomechanical properties of rat femur, but the exercise can better improve bone hardness and enhance the ability of bone to resist deformation. It suggests that the exercise training has a good stimulation effect on the bone and muscle in rats with osteoporosis, and increased muscle also has a good stimulating effect on the quality of bone. The results suggest that by participating in sports activities more early, higher peak bone mass may be obtained;at any time to start regular exercise has a positive effect for the maintenance of the certain bone mass. Exercises in different periods exhibit different effects, which can increase bone mass in childhood, obtain bone mass and save bone mass in adulthood, preserve bone mass and reduce bone loss in the elderly. Therefore, the effects of different exercise pattern, intensity and frequency on bone mineral density are different, and patients should choose the appropriate exercise based on the actual situation.