兰州大学学报（自然科学版）
蘭州大學學報（自然科學版）
란주대학학보（자연과학판）
JOURNAL OF LANZHOU UNIVERSITY（NATURAL SCIENCES）
2014年
3期
424-430,436
,共8页
硝态氮%土壤%土地利用%分布特征%干旱区
硝態氮%土壤%土地利用%分佈特徵%榦旱區
초태담%토양%토지이용%분포특정%간한구
nitrate nitrogen%soil%land use%distribution characteristics%arid areas
选取中国西北部石羊河流域的武威地区典型土壤为研究对象，通过Cl-， NO-3质量浓度分布组合特征，揭示了干旱区平沙地、板结地和荒农地3种类型土壤剖面硝酸盐的来源与空间分布特征，探究了Cl-与NO-3质量浓度的相关关系。结果表明：土壤中Cl-与NO-3都主要分布于表土层，在深土层二者质量浓度都有不同程度的降低；随着土壤深度的增加，均呈活塞式分布，这种分布特征对于平沙地土壤表现得尤为明显。 Cl-与NO-3在土壤中的分布具有极大的相关性，二者质量浓度的变化趋势保持高度一致，相对较高的NO-3/Cl-原子比值反映了干旱区土壤中硝酸盐的富集度较高。干旱区土壤中的NO-3主要来自大气沉降(尤其是降水带入)，干旱的气候和贫瘠的土地使得农耕地土壤中的NO-3主要来自农田肥料和污水灌溉，其次是生活污物、人畜排泄物以及硝化作用。
選取中國西北部石羊河流域的武威地區典型土壤為研究對象，通過Cl-， NO-3質量濃度分佈組閤特徵，揭示瞭榦旱區平沙地、闆結地和荒農地3種類型土壤剖麵硝痠鹽的來源與空間分佈特徵，探究瞭Cl-與NO-3質量濃度的相關關繫。結果錶明：土壤中Cl-與NO-3都主要分佈于錶土層，在深土層二者質量濃度都有不同程度的降低；隨著土壤深度的增加，均呈活塞式分佈，這種分佈特徵對于平沙地土壤錶現得尤為明顯。 Cl-與NO-3在土壤中的分佈具有極大的相關性，二者質量濃度的變化趨勢保持高度一緻，相對較高的NO-3/Cl-原子比值反映瞭榦旱區土壤中硝痠鹽的富集度較高。榦旱區土壤中的NO-3主要來自大氣沉降(尤其是降水帶入)，榦旱的氣候和貧瘠的土地使得農耕地土壤中的NO-3主要來自農田肥料和汙水灌溉，其次是生活汙物、人畜排洩物以及硝化作用。
선취중국서북부석양하류역적무위지구전형토양위연구대상，통과Cl-， NO-3질량농도분포조합특정，게시료간한구평사지、판결지화황농지3충류형토양부면초산염적래원여공간분포특정，탐구료Cl-여NO-3질량농도적상관관계。결과표명：토양중Cl-여NO-3도주요분포우표토층，재심토층이자질량농도도유불동정도적강저；수착토양심도적증가，균정활새식분포，저충분포특정대우평사지토양표현득우위명현。 Cl-여NO-3재토양중적분포구유겁대적상관성，이자질량농도적변화추세보지고도일치，상대교고적NO-3/Cl-원자비치반영료간한구토양중초산염적부집도교고。간한구토양중적NO-3주요래자대기침강(우기시강수대입)，간한적기후화빈척적토지사득농경지토양중적NO-3주요래자농전비료화오수관개，기차시생활오물、인축배설물이급초화작용。
By adopting the method of combining artificial sampling and experimental analysis, we select a typical soil from the Wuwei region of the Shiyang River Basin in Northwest China as the research object, determined the concentration of Cl- and NO-3 , revealed the spatial distribution characteristics of nitrates in three types of the soil profile, i.e. sand, hardened earth and farm land in arid areas, explored the correlation between the concentration of Cl- and NO-3 , and analyzed the main source of nitrate at the same time. The results showed that Cl- and NO-3 were mainly distributed in the top soil in this three soil profiles and, in the deep soil layer, both the content of Cl- and NO-3 were reduced at the varying degrees. With the increase of soil depth, the contents were distributed in piston type, and this distribution characteristic was especially obvious in the sandy soil. The distribution of Cl- and NO-3 in the soil had a great relevance, the changing tendency of these concentrations were highly consistent, and the NO-3/Cl- atomic ratio was relatively high, indicating that the abundance of nitrate was higher in the soil in arid areas. In the arid soil, NO-3 were mainly from the atmospheric precipitation (especially the entrance of precipitation);in the farmland soil, NO-3 were mainly from the farmland fertilizers and the sewage irrigation, and secondly from life sewage, human or animal waste and the nitrification too.
