临床精神医学杂志
臨床精神醫學雜誌
림상정신의학잡지
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
2014年
3期
155-158
,共4页
认知障碍%老年人%危险因素
認知障礙%老年人%危險因素
인지장애%노년인%위험인소
cognitive impairment%aged%risk factors
目的：探讨上海55岁及以上老年人轻度认知障碍（MCI）的患病率及危险因素的流行病学特征。方法：2011年7月至2012年7月实施抽样调查上海市浦东新区≥55岁户籍人群，应用 PPS （probability proportional to size）抽样法，根据 Petersen 诊断标准、问卷调查及临床医师复核诊断，分析MCI 患病率及危险因素。结果：抽取居民4600人，实际调查4086人，调查率88.83％。4086人中，患有 MCI 者（MCI 组）612例，占14.98％，患有阿尔茨海默病者（AD 组）201例，占4.92％，正常智力者（正常智力组）3273例。MCI 患病率：女性高于男性（χ2＝11.52，P ＝0.003），且随年龄增长而增高（χ2＝196.80，P ＝0.000）；文盲和小学文化程度者高于初中及以上者（χ2＝227.03，P ＝0.000）；体力劳动者高于脑力劳动者（χ2＝16.76，P ＝0.000）。以罹患 MCI 作为应变量，将年龄、性别、高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症、吸烟史、受教育程度等因素中与 MCI 相关的变量作为自变量，进行二变量的线性 Logistic 回归分析显示，共病高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症及吸烟、受教育程度低、高龄等易感因素具有独立影响意义（P ﹤0.05或 P ﹤0.01），其中共病高血压、受教育程度低及高龄与 AD 组的易感因素相同。结论：有效防治高血压、糖尿病及高脂血症等代谢性疾病有利于减少 MCI 的发生发展。
目的：探討上海55歲及以上老年人輕度認知障礙（MCI）的患病率及危險因素的流行病學特徵。方法：2011年7月至2012年7月實施抽樣調查上海市浦東新區≥55歲戶籍人群，應用 PPS （probability proportional to size）抽樣法，根據 Petersen 診斷標準、問捲調查及臨床醫師複覈診斷，分析MCI 患病率及危險因素。結果：抽取居民4600人，實際調查4086人，調查率88.83％。4086人中，患有 MCI 者（MCI 組）612例，佔14.98％，患有阿爾茨海默病者（AD 組）201例，佔4.92％，正常智力者（正常智力組）3273例。MCI 患病率：女性高于男性（χ2＝11.52，P ＝0.003），且隨年齡增長而增高（χ2＝196.80，P ＝0.000）；文盲和小學文化程度者高于初中及以上者（χ2＝227.03，P ＝0.000）；體力勞動者高于腦力勞動者（χ2＝16.76，P ＝0.000）。以罹患 MCI 作為應變量，將年齡、性彆、高血壓、糖尿病、高脂血癥、吸煙史、受教育程度等因素中與 MCI 相關的變量作為自變量，進行二變量的線性 Logistic 迴歸分析顯示，共病高血壓、糖尿病、高脂血癥及吸煙、受教育程度低、高齡等易感因素具有獨立影響意義（P ﹤0.05或 P ﹤0.01），其中共病高血壓、受教育程度低及高齡與 AD 組的易感因素相同。結論：有效防治高血壓、糖尿病及高脂血癥等代謝性疾病有利于減少 MCI 的髮生髮展。
목적：탐토상해55세급이상노년인경도인지장애（MCI）적환병솔급위험인소적류행병학특정。방법：2011년7월지2012년7월실시추양조사상해시포동신구≥55세호적인군，응용 PPS （probability proportional to size）추양법，근거 Petersen 진단표준、문권조사급림상의사복핵진단，분석MCI 환병솔급위험인소。결과：추취거민4600인，실제조사4086인，조사솔88.83％。4086인중，환유 MCI 자（MCI 조）612례，점14.98％，환유아이자해묵병자（AD 조）201례，점4.92％，정상지력자（정상지력조）3273례。MCI 환병솔：녀성고우남성（χ2＝11.52，P ＝0.003），차수년령증장이증고（χ2＝196.80，P ＝0.000）；문맹화소학문화정도자고우초중급이상자（χ2＝227.03，P ＝0.000）；체력노동자고우뇌력노동자（χ2＝16.76，P ＝0.000）。이리환 MCI 작위응변량，장년령、성별、고혈압、당뇨병、고지혈증、흡연사、수교육정도등인소중여 MCI 상관적변량작위자변량，진행이변량적선성 Logistic 회귀분석현시，공병고혈압、당뇨병、고지혈증급흡연、수교육정도저、고령등역감인소구유독립영향의의（P ﹤0.05혹 P ﹤0.01），기중공병고혈압、수교육정도저급고령여 AD 조적역감인소상동。결론：유효방치고혈압、당뇨병급고지혈증등대사성질병유리우감소 MCI 적발생발전。
Objective:To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of prevalence and cerebral vascu-lar risk factors of mild cognitive impairment(MCI)in the aged 55 years old and above in Shanghai. Method:Eligible participants were Shanghai residents aged ≥55 years from July 1st 2007 to June 30th 2008. Probability proportional to size cluster sampling was used in this study. Diagnosis of MCI was made by questionnaire screen-ing and clinician review according to Petersen criteria. The prevalence and risk factors of MCI in Shanghai elder-ly was analized. Results:This study consisted of 4 086 among 4 600(88. 83% )elderly residents and the prevalence of MCI was 14. 98%(612 / 4 086),AD was 4. 92%(201 / 4 086),and the others were normal cog-nition(3 273 / 4 086). Higher prevalence of MCI were found in females(χ2 = 11. 52,P = 0. 003),with older age (χ2 = 196. 80,P = 0. 000),having primary education or lower(χ2 = 227. 03,P = 0. 000),being physical worker before retirement(χ2 = 16. 76,P = 0. 000). The positive MCI was taken as dependent variable,and the related demographic factors,such as age,gender,hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia,smoking history,education level were as independent variables,two variable linear Logistic regression analysis were applied. And the results showed that hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia,smoking,low education level,and older age are independent risk factors of MCI(P ﹤ 0. 05 or P ﹤ 0. 01),among which hypertension,low education level,and older age were shared vulnerable variables for AD. Conclusion:Effective prevention and treatment of hypertension,hyperlip-idemia,diabetes and other metabolic diseases can help against the onset and development of MCI.
