海军工程大学学报
海軍工程大學學報
해군공정대학학보
JOURNAL OF NAVAL UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING
2014年
3期
86-89
,共4页
多缸柴油机%功率均匀性%瞬时转速%故障诊断
多缸柴油機%功率均勻性%瞬時轉速%故障診斷
다항시유궤%공솔균균성%순시전속%고장진단
multi-cylinders diesel%power uniformity%instantaneous rotate speed%fault diagnosis
当前，船舶多缸柴油机普遍缺乏有效的各缸功率均匀性故障检测手段，最为有效的缸内压力检测法受限于昂贵的测试仪器和复杂的检测过程而难以广泛应用，目前仅能根据各缸爆压、排温等参数进行准确度不高的分析。柴油机瞬时转速信号能够间接反映缸内压力，它包含丰富的信息量，测量方便，可以作为各缸功率均匀性检测的有效信息源。据此对6-135型柴油机通过调整部分气缸喷油量的方法进行各缸功率不均匀故障的模拟，通过对其瞬时转速信号的测试和分析，从中提取各缸瞬时转速升程相对值作为有效故障特征。正常状态下，各缸瞬时转速升程相对值变化范围在±10％以内，若该参数下降超过10％，可认为对应的气缸存在发出功率偏少问题。该方法能够正确判断各缸功率均匀性故障，可为多缸柴油机工作均匀性分析提供新的检测途径。
噹前，船舶多缸柴油機普遍缺乏有效的各缸功率均勻性故障檢測手段，最為有效的缸內壓力檢測法受限于昂貴的測試儀器和複雜的檢測過程而難以廣汎應用，目前僅能根據各缸爆壓、排溫等參數進行準確度不高的分析。柴油機瞬時轉速信號能夠間接反映缸內壓力，它包含豐富的信息量，測量方便，可以作為各缸功率均勻性檢測的有效信息源。據此對6-135型柴油機通過調整部分氣缸噴油量的方法進行各缸功率不均勻故障的模擬，通過對其瞬時轉速信號的測試和分析，從中提取各缸瞬時轉速升程相對值作為有效故障特徵。正常狀態下，各缸瞬時轉速升程相對值變化範圍在±10％以內，若該參數下降超過10％，可認為對應的氣缸存在髮齣功率偏少問題。該方法能夠正確判斷各缸功率均勻性故障，可為多缸柴油機工作均勻性分析提供新的檢測途徑。
당전，선박다항시유궤보편결핍유효적각항공솔균균성고장검측수단，최위유효적항내압력검측법수한우앙귀적측시의기화복잡적검측과정이난이엄범응용，목전부능근거각항폭압、배온등삼수진행준학도불고적분석。시유궤순시전속신호능구간접반영항내압력，타포함봉부적신식량，측량방편，가이작위각항공솔균균성검측적유효신식원。거차대6-135형시유궤통과조정부분기항분유량적방법진행각항공솔불균균고장적모의，통과대기순시전속신호적측시화분석，종중제취각항순시전속승정상대치작위유효고장특정。정상상태하，각항순시전속승정상대치변화범위재±10％이내，약해삼수하강초과10％，가인위대응적기항존재발출공솔편소문제。해방법능구정학판단각항공솔균균성고장，가위다항시유궤공작균균성분석제공신적검측도경。
At present ,an effective fault detection method for the power uniformity of marine multi-cylinder diesel is still lacking .However ,the most effective cylinder pressure detection method is diffi-cult to use widely due to costly measuring instruments and complicated detecting process .Now ,it is possible to make a less accurate analysis only according to the parameters of burst pressure and ex -haust temperature .The diesel instantaneous rotate speed which contains abundant information can in-directly reflect and easily measure cylinder pressure ,so it may be used as the effective information source for detecting power uniformity fault .It is applied to the simulation of the multi-cylinder power non-uniformity fault in 6-135 type diesel by adjusting the fuel ejection of some cylinders .After the measurement and analysis of the diesel instantaneous speed signal ,the relative value of each cylinder speed rise is taken as effective fault characteristics .Normally , the relative value fluctuates in the range of ± 10% .If the value reduces by more than 10% ,the corresponding cylinder may have a fault of lower power .The method can be used to diagnose the multi-cylinder power non-uniformity fault so correctly as to provide a new approach for the analysis of power uniformity degree of multi-cylinder diesels .
