地震工程学报
地震工程學報
지진공정학보
China Earthquake Engineering Journal
2014年
2期
347-352
,共6页
总电子含量%地震%异常%伊朗%巴基斯坦
總電子含量%地震%異常%伊朗%巴基斯坦
총전자함량%지진%이상%이랑%파기사탄
Total Electron Content(TEC)%earthquake%anomaly%Iran%Pakistan
利用 IGS 发布的总电子含量(TEC)数据,采用从点到面的滑动标准差法,分析了伊朗和巴基斯坦两次强震前的 TEC 变化,发现两次强震前都出现 TEC 异常,表现为:(1)4月16日震前14日和16日出现 TEC 减少异常;(2)9月24日震前的19日、20日和21日出现 TEC 增大异常;(3)从平面分析上看两次地震前都出现了一定区域的 TEC 异常,异常程度从异常中心到外逐渐减弱,但异常中心不一定在震中位置。
利用 IGS 髮佈的總電子含量(TEC)數據,採用從點到麵的滑動標準差法,分析瞭伊朗和巴基斯坦兩次彊震前的 TEC 變化,髮現兩次彊震前都齣現 TEC 異常,錶現為:(1)4月16日震前14日和16日齣現 TEC 減少異常;(2)9月24日震前的19日、20日和21日齣現 TEC 增大異常;(3)從平麵分析上看兩次地震前都齣現瞭一定區域的 TEC 異常,異常程度從異常中心到外逐漸減弱,但異常中心不一定在震中位置。
이용 IGS 발포적총전자함량(TEC)수거,채용종점도면적활동표준차법,분석료이랑화파기사탄량차강진전적 TEC 변화,발현량차강진전도출현 TEC 이상,표현위:(1)4월16일진전14일화16일출현 TEC 감소이상;(2)9월24일진전적19일、20일화21일출현 TEC 증대이상;(3)종평면분석상간량차지진전도출현료일정구역적 TEC 이상,이상정도종이상중심도외축점감약,단이상중심불일정재진중위치。
Exploring and detecting the portents of earthquakes are common puzzles for experts and scholars at home and abroad.While studying earthquake in Alaska,Leonard and Barnes deter-mined that the ionosphere changes prior to earthquakes,and they first recognized the causal nexus between them.In recent years,the Global Positioning System (GPS)has expanded rapidly to offer a new and more effective method for observing Turkish earthquake code (Total Electron Content (TEC))values and detecting portents of earthquakes.In 1998,the International GPS Service(IGS) began to release global ionosphere service products.Due to the broader covering range of IGS,its statistics have been adopted by an increasing number of scholars to investigate TEC values and their anomalies,aiming at detecting portents of earthquakes.On April 16 and September 24,2013, two earthquakes,both at a scale of 7.7,struck Iran and Pakistan.At such a high scale,the two quakes showed the traits of narrow space,time occurrence,and high casualties and losses;there-fore,we used them as study targets.Existing research proves that when the sun cycles and geo-magnetic activity show a relatively equal period,the TEC does not exhibit strong fluctuation un-less there are other strong disturbance sources.Accordingly,in seismically active zones,excessive TEC fluctuation is much more likely to indicate impending earthquakes.We chose the core of the two earthquakes as our study targets,and we developed two wave figures of TEC variation with statistics of 20 days prior to earthquake occurrence.We determined that TEC varies periodically.The statistics generally showed steady movement,with substantial rising or reduction only on some days.To make our study more precise and logical,we enlarged our TEC study from the quake cores to the affected areas.We made a sliding comparison of the TEC variation in the entire area and obtained its distribution figure.To provide clarity,we illustrated these waves with vari-ous colors.After accounting,we noticed that the anomaly presented itself in the quake cores in ad-dition to the surrounding areas.From the angle of anomaly degree,we noticed a decrease from the cores to the outer regions.With the TEC statistics issued by IGS and adoption of the sliding standard deviation from the cores to the impacting area of the quakes,we analyzed the TEC varia-tions prior to the two earthquakes and detected the TEC anomalies.The TEC reduced unconven-tionally on April 14 and 16 and increased unconventionally on September 19,20,and 21.Moreo-ver,with a plane survey,we detected TEC anomalies in some regions prior to both earthquakes, which decreased from the cores of the anomalies to their periphery regions;however,these anoma-ly cores did not all correspond with the cores of the two earthquakes.After analyzing the statistics form the cores of the earthquakes to affected areas,we determined the degree and increase area of these TEC anomalies.However,due to length of the thesis and our research facilities,additional work is required to determine the causes of these anomalies.Factors leading to these anomalies va-ry widely and include macula,geomagnetic index,cycling tracks of the Sun and the Earth,and weather anomalies,which are worth of our further study.