CAJ | 학술논문

上海深厚软土地区某6层砖混住宅房屋经常受到间歇性的振动干扰，其中5～6层尤为明显。本文通过现场振动测试确认了振源为距房屋北侧约80 m 远处道路上通过的重型车辆。分析了房屋的环境振动特征和幅值，将其与新近实施的国标《建筑工程容许振动标准》（GB50868-2013）中有关住宅舒适性振级限值进行了比较；对影响舒适度最为严重的住宅结构水平横向振动用有限元软件建模，对结构环境振动响应起主要作用的第1阶自振频率和振型，由下设虚拟层来考察地基土的影响；最后根据该住宅环境振动的特性，分析了减振目标和可供进一步计算优化的两种减振技术措施。本文的实测与分析方法对解决类似的工程问题具有实用参考价值。
상해심후연토지구모6층전혼주택방옥경상수도간헐성적진동간우，기중5～6층우위명현。본문통과현장진동측시학인료진원위거방옥북측약80 m 원처도로상통과적중형차량。분석료방옥적배경진동특정화폭치，장기여신근실시적국표《건축공정용허진동표준》（GB50868-2013）중유관주택서괄성진급한치진행료비교；대영향서괄도최위엄중적주택결구수평횡향진동용유한원연건건모，대결구배경진동향응기주요작용적제1계자진빈솔화진형，유하설허의층래고찰지기토적영향；최후근거해주택배경진동적특성，분석료감진목표화가공진일보계산우화적량충감진기술조시。본문적실측여분석방법대해결유사적공정문제구유실용삼고개치。
Brick-concrete buildings have been extensively used in urban and rural areas.However,this type of building,which frequently contains a shallow foundation,demonstrates poor struc-tural integrity and is susceptible to influence from ambient vibrations.This case is especially validfor buildings that were constructed in previous eras.With the development of modern cities andthe increasing demand for an enhanced quality of life,environmental interference caused by ambi-ent vibrations has become a critical issue.In areas with soft soil,traffic is a primary source ofambient vibrations.Vehicle vibrations caused by road surface roughness or speed changes cancause vibrations throughout the foundation of a building.Therefore,the vibration of brick-con-crete buildings is related not only to the excitation source of the vibration but also the soil charac-teristics,the foundation conditions,and the structural style.The human response to the vibra-tions of housing structures is closely correlated with a person's cognitive level and their currentphysical and psychological conditions.Thus,the potential difference in the reactions amongbuilding occupants is significant.Residents in a six-story brick-concrete building,which is located in an area of Shanghai withsoft ground,frequently complained about the intermittent interference from vibrations,particularly residents on the upper two stories.The measures confirmed that the environmental vibra-tions were generated by heavy vehicles traveling on a road that was located approximately 80 mnorth of the building.The frequency and amplitude characteristics of the ambient vibrations andthe human comfort levels for the different stories of the building were analyzed according to the"standard for allowable vibration of building engineering"(GB50868-2013).To comprehensivelyevaluate the impact induced by the transversely horizontal vibrations,which influences humancomfort levels for the three components of building vibration,a numerical finite element model(FEM)of the building was developed and analyzed.The soil in the model was simulated as a vir-tual layer.According to the test results and the numerical analyses,two types of technical measures areproposed to reduce unfavorable vibrations.The paper yields the following conclusions:(1)The test results show that heavy-duty vehicles from nearby roads are the main cause ofthe building vibrations.The vertical component of the vibrations along the structure is almostconstant;however,its lateral component is significantly amplified,which primarily influenceshuman comfort.(2)The measures indicate that the peak acceleration range for the top two stories is 68~70dB,which is lower than the limit values proposed by the"standard for allowable vibration ofbuilding engineering"(GB50868-2013).The rationality of the limit values is discussed to satisfythe demand of human comfort.(3)The structural frequencies and modes are analyzed based on the assumption of a virtuallayer of foundation;the simulated results correspond with the measures.The model is a reasona-ble tool for justifying the effect of vibration reduction measures.(4)To ensure that each story of the multi-story brick-concrete building complies with thepreviously recommended standard,the peak lateral acceleration should be reduced by approxi-mately 21% and the two proposed technical measures,which are compared,should be applied.