CAJ | 학술논문

根据现场测量,通过高分辨率航空图像提取崇明东滩潮沟的空间形态、植被类型及植被盖度指数。结合多时相卫星图像及海洋数值模式,利用水边线法及宽深比法反演潮沟沟底高程并构建了研究区潮沟三维地形,分析了植被对潮沟发育的影响。结果表明：淤潮沟反演的均方根误差为0.545 m,且高潮滩反演精度高于低潮滩地区；于从低潮滩到高潮滩的潮沟深度先增大再减小,主要原因是高潮滩水动力条件较弱,加之植被根系的固滩作用,下蚀作用较弱,潮沟深度较浅,低潮滩由于水域开阔,水动力条件较弱,无植被覆盖侧蚀作用增强,潮沟变宽变浅；盂潮沟深度空间分布表现出南深北浅的特征,崇明东滩潮沟密度与植被盖度呈现明显的负相关(r=0.5604,p<0.02),在高盖度植被覆盖的潮滩地区潮沟大多不发育,潮沟密度较低。潮沟长度与植被类型表现出较强的相关关系,在互花米草-芦苇群落为优势的区域潮沟长度普遍比以海三棱藨草群落为优势的区域长。
근거현장측량,통과고분변솔항공도상제취숭명동탄조구적공간형태、식피류형급식피개도지수。결합다시상위성도상급해양수치모식,이용수변선법급관심비법반연조구구저고정병구건료연구구조구삼유지형,분석료식피대조구발육적영향。결과표명：어조구반연적균방근오차위0.545 m,차고조탄반연정도고우저조탄지구；우종저조탄도고조탄적조구심도선증대재감소,주요원인시고조탄수동력조건교약,가지식피근계적고탄작용,하식작용교약,조구심도교천,저조탄유우수역개활,수동력조건교약,무식피복개측식작용증강,조구변관변천；우조구심도공간분포표현출남심북천적특정,숭명동탄조구밀도여식피개도정현명현적부상관(r=0.5604,p<0.02),재고개도식피복개적조탄지구조구대다불발육,조구밀도교저。조구장도여식피류형표현출교강적상관관계,재호화미초-호위군락위우세적구역조구장도보편비이해삼릉표초군락위우세적구역장。
Tidal channels, vegetation types and FVC ( fractional vegetation cover ) were extracted from high resolution aerial images according to the field measurement. Combined with multi-temporal satellite images and numerical ocean model, the authors employed the waterline and the width-to-depth ratio methods to inverse the tide creek bottom elevation, with which the Dongtan 3D terrain of Chongming was constructed. The effects of vegetation on tidal creeks were analyzed and some conclusions were reached: ①The root mean square error between the tidal channel calculation and the measured result is 0. 545 m at Dongtan of Chongming, and the accuracy is higher at high tide beach than at the low tidal beach;②From low to high tide flat, tidal channel depth increases first and then decreases along the longitudinal profile. The shallow tidal creek at the high tidal flat results from the weakness of water dynamics and beach consolidation by the vegetation roots, where downward erosion is inhibited. On the other hand, tidal channel becomes wide and shallow at the low tidal flat owing to lateral erosion without vegetation cover and weak hydrodynamics;③ Tidal channel depth is deep in the south and shallow in the south. The Dongtan tidal channel density and vegetation coverage show significant negative correlation (r=0. 560 4, p<0. 02), and tidal channel length has a significant corresponding relation with vegetation types. Tidal channel length is longer in Spartina alterniflora and reed communities than in Scirpus mariqueter areas. Tidal creeks are undeveloped in the tidal flat with high density vegetation coverage.