CAJ | 학술논문

本研究旨在探讨铅（Pb）、镉（Cd）联合暴露对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和鸡蛋中微量元素含量的影响。试验选择120只体重一致的40周龄海兰褐壳蛋鸡，随机分为4组，每组3个重复，每个重复10只鸡。对照组饮用纯净水，试验组采用饮水对蛋鸡进行 Pb（100 mg / L）、Cd （50 mg / L）单独和联合（100 mg / L Pb＋50 mg / L Cd）暴露，试验期8周。结果表明，1）与对照组比较，Pb 组、Cd 组及 Pb＋Cd 组料蛋比、平均日采食量、平均蛋重均无显著差异（P＞0．05）；第8周Cd 组、Pb 组及 Pb＋Cd 组产蛋率分别较对照组下降了14．73％（ P ＜0．01）、6．21％（ P ＜0．05）、27．50％（P＜0．01）。2）与对照组比较，Pb 组、Cd 组及 Pb＋Cd 组蛋壳颜色、厚度、强度及蛋形指数无显著差异（P＞0．05）；不同时间，哈氏单位和蛋黄色泽均不同程度低于对照组，差异显著或极显著（P＜0．05或 P＜0．01）。3）Pb 组、Cd 组、Pb＋Cd 组不同时间鸡蛋中的铜、铁、锰、锌、硒含量显著或极显著低于对照组（P＜0．05或 P＜0．01），且 Pb＋Cd 组的降低幅度显著或极显著高于 Pb 组、Cd组（P＜0．05或 P＜0．01）。鸡蛋中 Pb、Cd 的残留随暴露时间延长逐渐升高，第8周 Cd 组鸡蛋中Cd 含量为14．920μg / kg，Pb 组鸡蛋中 Pb 含量为97．815μg / kg，Pb＋Cd 组鸡蛋中 Cd 含量为17．007μg / kg，Pb 含量为146．576μg / kg。综上所述，亚慢性 Pb、Cd 及其联合暴露主要引起产蛋率和蛋品质的下降，降低哈氏单位、蛋黄色泽及鸡蛋中铜、铁、锰、锌、硒含量。Pb、Cd 联合暴露对蛋鸡生产性能及蛋品质影响呈叠加效应（协同效应）。
본연구지재탐토연（Pb）、력（Cd）연합폭로대단계생산성능、단품질화계단중미량원소함량적영향。시험선택120지체중일치적40주령해란갈각단계，수궤분위4조，매조3개중복，매개중복10지계。대조조음용순정수，시험조채용음수대단계진행 Pb（100 mg / L）、Cd （50 mg / L）단독화연합（100 mg / L Pb＋50 mg / L Cd）폭로，시험기8주。결과표명，1）여대조조비교，Pb 조、Cd 조급 Pb＋Cd 조료단비、평균일채식량、평균단중균무현저차이（P＞0．05）；제8주Cd 조、Pb 조급 Pb＋Cd 조산단솔분별교대조조하강료14．73％（ P ＜0．01）、6．21％（ P ＜0．05）、27．50％（P＜0．01）。2）여대조조비교，Pb 조、Cd 조급 Pb＋Cd 조단각안색、후도、강도급단형지수무현저차이（P＞0．05）；불동시간，합씨단위화단황색택균불동정도저우대조조，차이현저혹겁현저（P＜0．05혹 P＜0．01）。3）Pb 조、Cd 조、Pb＋Cd 조불동시간계단중적동、철、맹、자、서함량현저혹겁현저저우대조조（P＜0．05혹 P＜0．01），차 Pb＋Cd 조적강저폭도현저혹겁현저고우 Pb 조、Cd조（P＜0．05혹 P＜0．01）。계단중 Pb、Cd 적잔류수폭로시간연장축점승고，제8주 Cd 조계단중Cd 함량위14．920μg / kg，Pb 조계단중 Pb 함량위97．815μg / kg，Pb＋Cd 조계단중 Cd 함량위17．007μg / kg，Pb 함량위146．576μg / kg。종상소술，아만성 Pb、Cd 급기연합폭로주요인기산단솔화단품질적하강，강저합씨단위、단황색택급계단중동、철、맹、자、서함량。Pb、Cd 연합폭로대단계생산성능급단품질영향정첩가효응（협동효응）。
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of combined exposure lead(Pb)and cadmium ( Cd)on performance,egg quality and egg trace elements content in of laying hens. A total of 120 forty-week-old Hy-line brown hens with the same body weight were randomly allocated to 4 groups with 3 replicates per group and 10 hens per replicate. Hens in the control group drank purified water,and hens in the experiment groups drank water supplemented with 100 mg / L Pb,50 mg / L Cd and 100 mg / L Pb+50 mg / L Cd,respec-tively. The experiment lasted for 8 weeks. The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group, there were no significant differences in average daily feed intake,average egg weight and the ratio of feed to egg in groups Pb,Cd and Pb+Cd(P>0.05);the laying rate in groups Cd,Pb and Pb+Cd was decreased by 14.73%(P<0.01),6.21%( P<0.05)and 27.50%( P<0.01)at the eighth week. 2)Compared with the control group,there were no significant differences in eggshell color,index of egg shape,eggshell thickness and strength in groups Pb,Cd and Pb+Cd(P>0.05);the haugh unit and yolk color in groups Pb and Cd were significantly decreased at different times(P<0.05 or P<0.01). 3)The contents of Zn,Cu,Mn,Fe and Se in groups Pb and Cd were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the decrease rate in group Pb+Cd was significantly higher than that in groups Pb and Cd(P<0.05 or P<0.01). The contents of Pb and Cd in eggs gradually increased with exposure time. The eggs Cd content in group Cd was 14.920 μg / kg,the eggs Pb content in group Pb was 97.815 μg / kg,and the eggs Cd and Pb contents in group Pb+Cd were 7.007 and 146.576 μg / kg at the eighth week,respectively. In conclusion,sub-chronic exposure to Cd and / or Pb decrease the laying rate and egg quality,and reduce haugh unit,yolk color and the contents of Mn,Fe,Cu,Zn and Se in eggs. Combined exposure to Pb and Cd has superimposed effect( synergistic effect)on performance and egg quality of laying hens.