CAJ | 학술논문

本试验旨在研究健康猪唾液细菌结构及多样性。试验采用聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳（PCR-DGGE）技术结合 PCR-DGGE 图谱及特异性条带的克隆和测序，同时采用主成分分析和聚类分析方法分析试验结果。结果表明：PCR-DGGE 图谱中仔猪唾液细菌平均条带数为23条，而育肥猪为28条；育肥猪唾液细菌种群的多样性指数、均匀度和丰富度均较高，分别为3．34、0．877和28．40，而仔猪分别为3．17、0．834和23．20；聚类分析显示，虽然不同生长阶段猪唾液细菌群落具有一定差异性，但所有样品间相似性系数均高于0．66。PCR-DGGE 图谱中共性条带属于发酵乳杆菌（ Lactobacillus fermentum）、大肠杆菌（ Escherichia coli）、Mycobacterium arosiense、厚壁菌（Firmicutes）和猪链球菌（ Streptococcus suis），它们是猪口腔中的优势菌群；仔猪的特异性条带属于 Neisseria dentiae 和 Neisseria shayeganii，而育肥猪的特异性条带主要是葡萄球菌亚种（Staphylococcus sp．）。结果提示，健康仔猪和育肥猪唾液细菌结构存在明显差异，随着猪的生长发育，唾液细菌多样性增加且趋于稳定。
본시험지재연구건강저타액세균결구급다양성。시험채용취합매련식반응-변성제도응효전영（PCR-DGGE）기술결합 PCR-DGGE 도보급특이성조대적극륭화측서，동시채용주성분분석화취류분석방법분석시험결과。결과표명：PCR-DGGE 도보중자저타액세균평균조대수위23조，이육비저위28조；육비저타액세균충군적다양성지수、균균도화봉부도균교고，분별위3．34、0．877화28．40，이자저분별위3．17、0．834화23．20；취류분석현시，수연불동생장계단저타액세균군락구유일정차이성，단소유양품간상사성계수균고우0．66。PCR-DGGE 도보중공성조대속우발효유간균（ Lactobacillus fermentum）、대장간균（ Escherichia coli）、Mycobacterium arosiense、후벽균（Firmicutes）화저련구균（ Streptococcus suis），타문시저구강중적우세균군；자저적특이성조대속우 Neisseria dentiae 화 Neisseria shayeganii，이육비저적특이성조대주요시포도구균아충（Staphylococcus sp．）。결과제시，건강자저화육비저타액세균결구존재명현차이，수착저적생장발육，타액세균다양성증가차추우은정。
This experiment was conducted to study the structure and diversity of salivary bacteria of healthy pigs. The bacterial diversity was studied using polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis ( PCR-DGGE),cluster analysis and principal component analysis. Some common and special bands were iden-tified by clone and sequencing at the same time. The results showed that in PCR-DGGE profile,the average band number of piglets was 23 and the average band number of finishing pigs was 28;the diversity index, richness and evenness of finishing pigs were higher,and they were 3.34,0.877 and 28.40,respectively,while the diversity index,richness and evenness of piglets were 3.17,0.834 and 23.20,respectively;the cluster a-nalysis suggested that there were some differences in salivary bacterial population during different growth stages of pigs,but the similarity coefficient in all the samples was higher than 0.66. In PCR-DGGE profile,Lactoba-cillus fermentum,Escherichia coli,Mycobacterium arosiense,Firmicutes and Streptococcus suis were predom-inant in mouth cavity of pigs;the special bacteria in saliva of piglets were Neisseria dentiae and Neisseria shayeganii,and the special bacteria in saliva of finishing pigs was Staphylococcus sp.. There is a significant difference in the diversity of salivary bacteria between piglets and finishing pigs. The diversity of salivary bacte-ria is increasing and gradually stabilized with the growth of pigs.