CAJ | 학술논문

本试验旨在研究饲料中添加枯草芽孢杆菌对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼生长性能、免疫力和抗氧化功能的影响，并确定其适宜的添加量。试验配制枯草芽孢杆菌添加量分别为0（对照组）、0．03％、0．06％、0．09％、0．12％、0．15％、0．18％（对应的实际活菌数分别为0．20×102、0．69×1010、1．38×1010、2．05×1010、2．82×1010、3．55×1010、4．23×1010 cfu / kg）的7组试验饲料，投喂初始体重为（0．43±0．02）g 的吉富罗非鱼幼鱼56 d。每组3个重复，每个重复50尾鱼。结果表明：饲料中添加0．03％～0．18％枯草芽孢杆菌对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼生长性能的提高不显著（P＞0．05）。饲料中添加不同剂量枯草芽孢杆菌后，吉富罗非鱼幼鱼血清谷草转氨酶（ AST）、谷丙转氨酶（ ALT）活性及丙二醛（MDA）含量均有不同程度的降低，脾脏指数以及血清补体3（ C3）含量，溶菌酶（LSZ）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、总超氧化物歧化酶（T-SOD）、过氧化氢酶（ CAT）活性，总抗氧化力（T-AOC）均有不同程度的升高，且当饲料中枯草芽孢杆菌添加量为0．12％～0．18％时，作用效果达显著水平（P＜0．05）。用嗜水气单胞菌（ Aeromonas hydrophila）对吉富罗非鱼幼鱼进行攻毒，168 h 后发现，饲料中枯草芽孢杆菌添加量为0．09％～0．18％时，累计存活率显著提高（P＜0．05），并延迟了死亡时间。由此得出，饲料中添加0．12％～0．18％的枯草芽孢杆菌能够显著提高吉富罗非鱼幼鱼的免疫力和抗氧化功能，基于对枯草芽孢杆菌添加成本的考虑，综合认定其适宜添加量为0．12％，即2．82×1010 cfu / kg。
본시험지재연구사료중첨가고초아포간균대길부라비어유어생장성능、면역력화항양화공능적영향，병학정기괄의적첨가량。시험배제고초아포간균첨가량분별위0（대조조）、0．03％、0．06％、0．09％、0．12％、0．15％、0．18％（대응적실제활균수분별위0．20×102、0．69×1010、1．38×1010、2．05×1010、2．82×1010、3．55×1010、4．23×1010 cfu / kg）적7조시험사료，투위초시체중위（0．43±0．02）g 적길부라비어유어56 d。매조3개중복，매개중복50미어。결과표명：사료중첨가0．03％～0．18％고초아포간균대길부라비어유어생장성능적제고불현저（P＞0．05）。사료중첨가불동제량고초아포간균후，길부라비어유어혈청곡초전안매（ AST）、곡병전안매（ ALT）활성급병이철（MDA）함량균유불동정도적강저，비장지수이급혈청보체3（ C3）함량，용균매（LSZ）、감성린산매（ALP）、총초양화물기화매（T-SOD）、과양화경매（ CAT）활성，총항양화력（T-AOC）균유불동정도적승고，차당사료중고초아포간균첨가량위0．12％～0．18％시，작용효과체현저수평（P＜0．05）。용기수기단포균（ Aeromonas hydrophila）대길부라비어유어진행공독，168 h 후발현，사료중고초아포간균첨가량위0．09％～0．18％시，루계존활솔현저제고（P＜0．05），병연지료사망시간。유차득출，사료중첨가0．12％～0．18％적고초아포간균능구현저제고길부라비어유어적면역력화항양화공능，기우대고초아포간균첨가성본적고필，종합인정기괄의첨가량위0．12％，즉2．82×1010 cfu / kg。
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary Bacillus subtilis on growth perform-ance,immunity and anti-oxidation function of juvenile genetic improvement of farmed tilapia( GIFT,Oreo-chromis niloticus),and to find out the appropriate supplemental level of Bacillus subtilis in diets. Juvenile GIFT with an initial body weight of(0.43±0.02)g were fed 7 experimental diets supplemented with 0(con-trol group),0.03%,0.06%,0.09%,0.12%,0.15% and 0.18%( the corresponding actual living bacteria number was 0.20×102 ,0.69×1010 ,1.38×1010 ,2.05×1010 ,2.82×1010 ,3.55×1010 and 4.23×1010 cfu / kg,re-spectively)Bacillus subtilis for 56 days,respectively. Each group had 3 replicates with 50 fish per replicate. The results showed as follows:the supplementation of 0. 03% to 0. 18% Bacillus subtilis had no significant effect on growth performance(P>0.05). After supplementing different levels of Bacillus subtilis in diets,the activities of aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and the content of maleic dialdehyde(MDA)in serum were declined at different degrees,while the spleen index and the content of complement 3(C3),the activities of lysozyme( LSZ),alkaline phosphatase( ALP),total superoxide dis-mutase(T-SOD)and catalase(CAT),and total anti-oxidation capacity(T-AOC)in serum were enhanced at different degrees. When the Bacillus subtilis supplemental levels were 0.12% to 0.18%,the effects were signif-icant(P<0.05). Cumulative survival rate in groups with the Bacillus subtilis supplemental levels of 0.09%, 0.12%,0.15% and 0.18% was significantly improved after being challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila in 168 h(P<0.05),and the time of death was delayed. It is concluded that the supplementation of 0.12% to 0.18% Bacillus subtilis can improve the immunity and anti-oxidation function of juvenile GIFT. Considering the cost of adding Bacillus subtilis,the 0.12%(2.82×1010 cfu / kg)Bacillus subtilis is optimum.