化工进展
化工進展
화공진전
CHEMICAL INDUSTRY AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS
2014年
7期
1633-1658
,共26页
石油化工行业%成品油%乙烯%芳烃%合成树脂%合成橡胶%产业转型与升级
石油化工行業%成品油%乙烯%芳烴%閤成樹脂%閤成橡膠%產業轉型與升級
석유화공행업%성품유%을희%방경%합성수지%합성상효%산업전형여승급
petrochemical industry%gasoline and diesel%ethylene%propylene%aromatics%synthetic resins%synthetic rubber%transformation and upgrading of the petrochemical industrial
综述了我国石化行业2013年在高油价和经济减速条件下取得的一系列进展。一是全年石化行业运行态势平稳向好，石化产业主营业务收入实现两位数增加，炼油平稳，乙烯向好，经济效益明显改善，石化产业实现利润大幅增加。二是2013年石化生产取得良好业绩，原油加工量达到4.786亿吨，同比增加3.3%；生产成品油2.96亿吨，同比增长4.4%；乙烯产量1623万吨，增长8.5%，丙烯产量为1460万吨，年均增速11%；生产合成树脂5837万吨，增长11%；生产合成橡胶409万吨，增长6.3%，生产合成纤维3739万吨，同比增长7.1%；生产化肥7154万吨，同比增长4.9%。三是建设世界一流石化产业取得新进展，原油加工能力保持世界第二，乙烯生产保持世界第二，芳烃产业链位列世界一流，三大合成材料生产位列前茅，大型炼油乙烯一体化装置首次实现“四年一修”。四是产业转型与产品升级取得新进展，现代煤化工顺利融入石油化工生产体系，国产生物航空煤油获得适航通行证。五是石化技术进步取得新进展，200万吨/年高能效（SHEER）加氢成套技术开发获得成功，200万吨/年液相循环加氢装置生产出总硫含量为3mg/kg的精制柴油，第二代S-Zorb技术开发成功，将建成15套装置，首次采用拥有我国全部自主知识产权的乙烯技术建成的武汉石化80万吨/年大乙烯装置顺利投产，乙烯关键装备丙烯制冷压缩机组和CBL-R裂解炉双双取得突破，开发自主产权60万吨/年大型联合芳烃技术取得成功并在海南建成装置，节能二代苯乙烯技术开发成功，首套12万吨/年装置在巴陵石化运行，茂金属气相法耐热聚乙烯（PE-RT）管材料实现了工业生产并通过产品认证，我国首套3万吨/年溴化丁基橡胶生产装置在中国石化北京燕山分公司建成，甲醇制芳烃流化床技术万吨级工业试验取得成功。六是高油价下石化产业降本增效模式取得新进展，我国石化产业采取降本增效措施，改进原油资源获取机制初见成效，调整装置结构，提高加工较低成本原油的能力，开展炼油全流程优化工程，提高渣油使用价值，渣油加工按效益分配，加大化工轻油的非油替代力度，降低乙烯原料成本。同时，也对2013年存在的问题进行了思考，包括我国炼油产业显现产能过剩，需要爱护和坚持行之有效的中国特色石化运行模式，消除尾气排放、治理雾霾天气仍存软肋，页岩气重振美国石化产业对我国的启示以及PX 焦虑事件折射出石化科普的重要及企业的责任。文章还分析了进入2014年，世界经济形势逐步缓慢向好，国际油价走势受美国经济数据提振保持高位振荡，我国经济将持续稳步发展，预计国内生产总值增速与上年持平或略低，产业结构不断调整，城市化进程进一步加快，这些宏观因素为包括成品油、乙烯、丙烯、芳烃、合成树脂、合成橡胶在内的石化产品提供广阔的发展空间，同时也催促石化产业加快向能源化工的转型进程。我国石化产业在2014年的实际运行中，将依托这些重要基础，遵循着重本质安全、重视节能减排、推行绿色低碳、加快结构调整的理念；继续创新运用行之有效的高油价下石化产业降本增效模式和经验，持续攻坚克难，克服产能过剩，决胜市场竞争，在不断提高经济效益方面取得新业绩；在发挥企业技术创新主体作用、产品结构向基础加高端转变方面取得新进展；在践行可持续发展、加快原料结构向能源化工转变方面取得新突破。总之，石化产业2014年呈更加积极复苏态势几成定局，石化产业必将继续为我国经济社会发展做出支柱产业应有的贡献。
綜述瞭我國石化行業2013年在高油價和經濟減速條件下取得的一繫列進展。一是全年石化行業運行態勢平穩嚮好，石化產業主營業務收入實現兩位數增加，煉油平穩，乙烯嚮好，經濟效益明顯改善，石化產業實現利潤大幅增加。二是2013年石化生產取得良好業績，原油加工量達到4.786億噸，同比增加3.3%；生產成品油2.96億噸，同比增長4.4%；乙烯產量1623萬噸，增長8.5%，丙烯產量為1460萬噸，年均增速11%；生產閤成樹脂5837萬噸，增長11%；生產閤成橡膠409萬噸，增長6.3%，生產閤成纖維3739萬噸，同比增長7.1%；生產化肥7154萬噸，同比增長4.9%。三是建設世界一流石化產業取得新進展，原油加工能力保持世界第二，乙烯生產保持世界第二，芳烴產業鏈位列世界一流，三大閤成材料生產位列前茅，大型煉油乙烯一體化裝置首次實現“四年一脩”。四是產業轉型與產品升級取得新進展，現代煤化工順利融入石油化工生產體繫，國產生物航空煤油穫得適航通行證。五是石化技術進步取得新進展，200萬噸/年高能效（SHEER）加氫成套技術開髮穫得成功，200萬噸/年液相循環加氫裝置生產齣總硫含量為3mg/kg的精製柴油，第二代S-Zorb技術開髮成功，將建成15套裝置，首次採用擁有我國全部自主知識產權的乙烯技術建成的武漢石化80萬噸/年大乙烯裝置順利投產，乙烯關鍵裝備丙烯製冷壓縮機組和CBL-R裂解爐雙雙取得突破，開髮自主產權60萬噸/年大型聯閤芳烴技術取得成功併在海南建成裝置，節能二代苯乙烯技術開髮成功，首套12萬噸/年裝置在巴陵石化運行，茂金屬氣相法耐熱聚乙烯（PE-RT）管材料實現瞭工業生產併通過產品認證，我國首套3萬噸/年溴化丁基橡膠生產裝置在中國石化北京燕山分公司建成，甲醇製芳烴流化床技術萬噸級工業試驗取得成功。六是高油價下石化產業降本增效模式取得新進展，我國石化產業採取降本增效措施，改進原油資源穫取機製初見成效，調整裝置結構，提高加工較低成本原油的能力，開展煉油全流程優化工程，提高渣油使用價值，渣油加工按效益分配，加大化工輕油的非油替代力度，降低乙烯原料成本。同時，也對2013年存在的問題進行瞭思攷，包括我國煉油產業顯現產能過剩，需要愛護和堅持行之有效的中國特色石化運行模式，消除尾氣排放、治理霧霾天氣仍存軟肋，頁巖氣重振美國石化產業對我國的啟示以及PX 焦慮事件摺射齣石化科普的重要及企業的責任。文章還分析瞭進入2014年，世界經濟形勢逐步緩慢嚮好，國際油價走勢受美國經濟數據提振保持高位振盪，我國經濟將持續穩步髮展，預計國內生產總值增速與上年持平或略低，產業結構不斷調整，城市化進程進一步加快，這些宏觀因素為包括成品油、乙烯、丙烯、芳烴、閤成樹脂、閤成橡膠在內的石化產品提供廣闊的髮展空間，同時也催促石化產業加快嚮能源化工的轉型進程。我國石化產業在2014年的實際運行中，將依託這些重要基礎，遵循著重本質安全、重視節能減排、推行綠色低碳、加快結構調整的理唸；繼續創新運用行之有效的高油價下石化產業降本增效模式和經驗，持續攻堅剋難，剋服產能過剩，決勝市場競爭，在不斷提高經濟效益方麵取得新業績；在髮揮企業技術創新主體作用、產品結構嚮基礎加高耑轉變方麵取得新進展；在踐行可持續髮展、加快原料結構嚮能源化工轉變方麵取得新突破。總之，石化產業2014年呈更加積極複囌態勢幾成定跼，石化產業必將繼續為我國經濟社會髮展做齣支柱產業應有的貢獻。
종술료아국석화행업2013년재고유개화경제감속조건하취득적일계렬진전。일시전년석화행업운행태세평은향호，석화산업주영업무수입실현량위수증가，련유평은，을희향호，경제효익명현개선，석화산업실현리윤대폭증가。이시2013년석화생산취득량호업적，원유가공량체도4.786억둔，동비증가3.3%；생산성품유2.96억둔，동비증장4.4%；을희산량1623만둔，증장8.5%，병희산량위1460만둔，년균증속11%；생산합성수지5837만둔，증장11%；생산합성상효409만둔，증장6.3%，생산합성섬유3739만둔，동비증장7.1%；생산화비7154만둔，동비증장4.9%。삼시건설세계일류석화산업취득신진전，원유가공능력보지세계제이，을희생산보지세계제이，방경산업련위렬세계일류，삼대합성재료생산위렬전모，대형련유을희일체화장치수차실현“사년일수”。사시산업전형여산품승급취득신진전，현대매화공순리융입석유화공생산체계，국산생물항공매유획득괄항통행증。오시석화기술진보취득신진전，200만둔/년고능효（SHEER）가경성투기술개발획득성공，200만둔/년액상순배가경장치생산출총류함량위3mg/kg적정제시유，제이대S-Zorb기술개발성공，장건성15투장치，수차채용옹유아국전부자주지식산권적을희기술건성적무한석화80만둔/년대을희장치순리투산，을희관건장비병희제냉압축궤조화CBL-R렬해로쌍쌍취득돌파，개발자주산권60만둔/년대형연합방경기술취득성공병재해남건성장치，절능이대분을희기술개발성공，수투12만둔/년장치재파릉석화운행，무금속기상법내열취을희（PE-RT）관재료실현료공업생산병통과산품인증，아국수투3만둔/년추화정기상효생산장치재중국석화북경연산분공사건성，갑순제방경류화상기술만둔급공업시험취득성공。륙시고유개하석화산업강본증효모식취득신진전，아국석화산업채취강본증효조시，개진원유자원획취궤제초견성효，조정장치결구，제고가공교저성본원유적능력，개전련유전류정우화공정，제고사유사용개치，사유가공안효익분배，가대화공경유적비유체대력도，강저을희원료성본。동시，야대2013년존재적문제진행료사고，포괄아국련유산업현현산능과잉，수요애호화견지행지유효적중국특색석화운행모식，소제미기배방、치리무매천기잉존연륵，혈암기중진미국석화산업대아국적계시이급PX 초필사건절사출석화과보적중요급기업적책임。문장환분석료진입2014년，세계경제형세축보완만향호，국제유개주세수미국경제수거제진보지고위진탕，아국경제장지속은보발전，예계국내생산총치증속여상년지평혹략저，산업결구불단조정，성시화진정진일보가쾌，저사굉관인소위포괄성품유、을희、병희、방경、합성수지、합성상효재내적석화산품제공엄활적발전공간，동시야최촉석화산업가쾌향능원화공적전형진정。아국석화산업재2014년적실제운행중，장의탁저사중요기출，준순착중본질안전、중시절능감배、추행록색저탄、가쾌결구조정적이념；계속창신운용행지유효적고유개하석화산업강본증효모식화경험，지속공견극난，극복산능과잉，결성시장경쟁，재불단제고경제효익방면취득신업적；재발휘기업기술창신주체작용、산품결구향기출가고단전변방면취득신진전；재천행가지속발전、가쾌원료결구향능원화공전변방면취득신돌파。총지，석화산업2014년정경가적겁복소태세궤성정국，석화산업필장계속위아국경제사회발전주출지주산업응유적공헌。
The progress of China’s petrochemical industry under the conditions of high crude price and slowdown in economy in year 2013 is summarized. Firstly,the running of petrochemical industry was smooth and steady,then turning to better;output value and gross profit achieved double-digit growth. Because refinery production ran smoothly and ethylene production turned to better,a significant increase in profits was achieved. Secondly,performance of China's petrochemical production in 2013 was satisfactory. Crude oil processing volume reached 478.6 million tons,an increase of 3.3%. Ethylene production reached 16.23 million tons,an increase of 8.5%. Propylene production reached 14.6 million tons,an increase of 11%. Synthetic resin production reached 58.37 million tons,an increase of 11%. Synthetic rubber production reached 4.09 million tons,an increase of 6.3%. Synthetic fibers production reached 37.39 million tons,an increase of 7.1%. Fertilizers production reached 71.54 million tons,an increase of 4.9%. Thirdly,progress was made in building a world-class petrochemical industry. Crude oil processing volume and ethylene production output were continually keeping the world’s second. Aromatics chain ranked world-class. Production of three synthetic materials was in the forefront. Large refining and ethylene plants for the first time realized an overhaul once every four years. Fourthly,new progress was made in the transformation and upgrading of petrochemical industry. Modern coal chemical industry was smoothly integrated into the petrochemical production system. Petrochemical industry was intervening to biomass chemical,and aviation kerosene was successfully produced by using biomass and obtained airworthiness passport. Fifthly,about technology progress, 2000kt/a high efficiency (SHEER) hydrogenation package technology was successfully developed. A 2000kt/a diesel liquid circulation hydrogenation unit can produce refined diesel fuel with a total sulfur content of 3mg/kg. The second-generation of S-Zorb technology development was successful,and 15 sets for producing European V grade gasoline would be built. Wuhan Petrochemical 800kt/a steam cracking plant was built for the first time using proprietary ethylene technology and was put into operation. Breakthrough was made in propylene refrigeration compressor for 100MT/a ethylene cracker and CBL-R pyrolysis furnace. A large integrated aromatics plant with capacity of 600kt/a was successfully built in Hainan using proprietary technology. 120kt/a second generation styrene technology with energy-saving feature was successfully developed and put into operation at the Baling Petrochemical. Gas-phase metallocene polyethylene grade (PE-RT) for pipe making was produced and achieved certification. China’s first set of 30kt/a brominated butyl rubber production plant was successfully built at the Yanshan Petrochemical. The industrial test for methanol to aromatics fluidized bed technology was successful at ten thousand tons scale. Sixthly,the key role of the petrochemical operation mode for cost reduction and efficiency enhancement under high crude price and medium economy growth conditions was also emphasized,including improving access mechanism to oil resources,improving the ability to process lower cost crude oil,carrying out the full refining process optimization project,allocating residue according to economic benefit of residue processing,increasing efforts to alternative chemical light oil with non-oil raw materials. At the same time,some problems at potential or deep level in 2013 were also considered,including overcapacity of China’s oil refining industry,adhering to well-established petrochemical operation mode with Chinese characteristics, weakness in eliminating emissions,inspiration drawn from revitalization of US petrochemical industry by shale gas,and the PX anxiety event reflecting the importance of popularizing petrochemical science. Based on analysis of the situation in 2014,some better running conditions for petrochemical industry were noticed,such as China’s macro economy will continuously keep steady running,GDP growth will be flat or slightly lower than last year,it is expected that China’s domestic market in 2014 will demand more gasoline and diesel,ethylene,propylene,aromatics,synthetic resins and synthetic rubber. China’s petrochemical industry in the actual operation in 2014 will rely on this important foundation to keep running more safely,to stress energy conservation and emissions reduction,to implement green low-carbon concept,to accelerate structural adjustment,to continuously use the proven high crude price operation mode and experience,to persist in overcoming overcapacity for winning market competition,to achieve new results in enhancing economic efficiency continuously,to play the main role of enterprise in technological innovation,to make new progress in shifting towards product structure of basic plus high-end,to make breakthrough in sustainable development and accelerating structural changes of raw material to the energy chemical type. Finally,petrochemical industry in 2014 will show more positive recovery trend. It is expected that as China’s pillar industry,petrochemical industry will make more contribution for economic and social development.
