中国防汛抗旱
中國防汛抗旱
중국방신항한
CHINESE CULTURE PICTORIAL
2014年
3期
3-7,35
,共6页
无人机航测系统%山洪灾害%调查评价%正射影像%DEM数据%河道断面
無人機航測繫統%山洪災害%調查評價%正射影像%DEM數據%河道斷麵
무인궤항측계통%산홍재해%조사평개%정사영상%DEM수거%하도단면
UAV aerial system%flood disasters%investigation and evaluation%Orthoimage%DEM data%river cross-sections
利用无人机航测技术获取影像分辨率高、机动灵活、不受天气和复杂地形影响的技术特点，提出将无人机低空航测技术应用于获取复杂山丘区小流域基础地理信息资料。以陕西商洛某小流域调查评价应用为例，系统地介绍了应用无人机航测技术获取调查评价所需的高清晰航片、高精度DEM、河道断面、居民沿高程展布以及地表植被和土地利用分类信息的流程与方法，提出了各个环节关键技术的解决方案，编制了基于无人机航测技术的数据处理软件。应用案例表明，该方法可以快速获取山丘区小流域内的高清晰航片，数据处理速度快，精度高，能够满足山洪灾害调查评价工作要求，获取的数据可大大提高洪水预报的精度。该技术在即将开展的全国山洪灾害调查评价工作中将发挥巨大作用，具有较大的应用前景。
利用無人機航測技術穫取影像分辨率高、機動靈活、不受天氣和複雜地形影響的技術特點，提齣將無人機低空航測技術應用于穫取複雜山丘區小流域基礎地理信息資料。以陝西商洛某小流域調查評價應用為例，繫統地介紹瞭應用無人機航測技術穫取調查評價所需的高清晰航片、高精度DEM、河道斷麵、居民沿高程展佈以及地錶植被和土地利用分類信息的流程與方法，提齣瞭各箇環節關鍵技術的解決方案，編製瞭基于無人機航測技術的數據處理軟件。應用案例錶明，該方法可以快速穫取山丘區小流域內的高清晰航片，數據處理速度快，精度高，能夠滿足山洪災害調查評價工作要求，穫取的數據可大大提高洪水預報的精度。該技術在即將開展的全國山洪災害調查評價工作中將髮揮巨大作用，具有較大的應用前景。
이용무인궤항측기술획취영상분변솔고、궤동령활、불수천기화복잡지형영향적기술특점，제출장무인궤저공항측기술응용우획취복잡산구구소류역기출지리신식자료。이협서상락모소류역조사평개응용위례，계통지개소료응용무인궤항측기술획취조사평개소수적고청석항편、고정도DEM、하도단면、거민연고정전포이급지표식피화토지이용분류신식적류정여방법，제출료각개배절관건기술적해결방안，편제료기우무인궤항측기술적수거처리연건。응용안례표명，해방법가이쾌속획취산구구소류역내적고청석항편，수거처리속도쾌，정도고，능구만족산홍재해조사평개공작요구，획취적수거가대대제고홍수예보적정도。해기술재즉장개전적전국산홍재해조사평개공작중장발휘거대작용，구유교대적응용전경。
Taking advantage of the UAV aerial technology’s characteristics of high resolution images, flexibility, and suitable for wide weather and topographic conditions , low-altitude UAV aerial system is built for obtaining basic geographic information data in smal watersheds of complicate hil y terrain. Taking a smal watershed in Shangluo of Shanxi province as an example, the procedures and methods of using UVA aerial techniques are systematical y introduced to obtain high-resolution aerial photos, high-precision DEM, river cross-sections, residential housing distribution along hil sides, as wel as the ground vegetation and land use classification. The solutions of the key technology issues in al aspects are proposed, data processing software is developed based on UAV aerial technology. The case study show that the system can be used to quickly obtain high-resolution aerial photographs in smal watershed of hil y region to meet the data requirements of rapid processing and high precision for investigation and evaluation of flash flood disasters, as wel as enhance the precision of flood forecasting. UAV aerial technology wil play an important role in the upcoming investigation and evaluation of the flash flood disasters nationwide.
