CAJ | 학술논문

为探讨长白落叶松人工林自然化过程，为经营管理其人工林提供科学依据，研究了辽东林区典型经营条件下49年生长白落叶松人工林的结构特征。结果表明，辽东林区落叶松人工林群落具有明显的自然化现象，其群落由长白落叶松、水曲柳、花曲柳等3～14个树种组成，坡下部、坡中部和坡上部依次形成了长白落叶松和水曲柳占优势，长白落叶松、花曲柳和水曲柳占优势，长白落叶松和花曲柳占优势的针阔混交林。群落中的较小径级区（2～6 cm）与较大径级区（18～36 cm/34/30）出现株数分布高峰的规律为，随自下而上的坡位环境梯度变化，群落较小径级区（2～6 cm）峰值逐渐减少，而群落较大径级区（18～36 cm/34/30）峰值逐渐增加。在坡中、下部优势树种长白落叶松大径材（胸径≥26 cm）比重大，为58.6％和60.0％，在坡上部中径材（24 cm≥胸径≥12 cm）比重大，为66.7％。林下更新树种的径级分布主要集中在6 cm以下的较小径级区域，坡下部2～6 cm径级分布数量占更新总数量的96.3％；坡中部占93.8％；坡上部占更新总数量的85.6％。更新群落形成初期阶段。
위탐토장백락협송인공림자연화과정，위경영관리기인공림제공과학의거，연구료료동림구전형경영조건하49년생장백락협송인공림적결구특정。결과표명，료동림구락협송인공림군락구유명현적자연화현상，기군락유장백락협송、수곡류、화곡류등3～14개수충조성，파하부、파중부화파상부의차형성료장백락협송화수곡류점우세，장백락협송、화곡류화수곡류점우세，장백락협송화화곡류점우세적침활혼교림。군락중적교소경급구（2～6 cm）여교대경급구（18～36 cm/34/30）출현주수분포고봉적규률위，수자하이상적파위배경제도변화，군락교소경급구（2～6 cm）봉치축점감소，이군락교대경급구（18～36 cm/34/30）봉치축점증가。재파중、하부우세수충장백락협송대경재（흉경≥26 cm）비중대，위58.6％화60.0％，재파상부중경재（24 cm≥흉경≥12 cm）비중대，위66.7％。림하경신수충적경급분포주요집중재6 cm이하적교소경급구역，파하부2～6 cm경급분포수량점경신총수량적96.3％；파중부점93.8％；파상부점경신총수량적85.6％。경신군락형성초기계단。
Structural characteristics of 49-year-old larch plantation in eastern Liaoning was researched to dis-cuss its naturalization process and then provided guidance for the management.The results showed that larch plan-tation in eastern Liaoning had obvious naturalized phenomenon,which was composed of 3 -14 species,including Larix olgensis,Fraxinus mandshurica,Fraxinus rhynchophylla and other species.In the bottom of slope,the domi-nant species were Larix olgensis and Fraxinus mandshurica,in the middle of slope,Larix olgensis,Fraxinus mand-shurica,Fraxinus rhynchophylla were dominant species,and in the top of slope,Larix olgensis and Fraxinus rhyncho-phylla were dominant species.In larch plantation community,the number of small diameter classes (2-6 cm)tree and big diameter classes(18 -36 cm/34/30)tress were change of gradient of slope position.From the bottom to top,the number of diameter class of 2-6 cm tree was gradually decreased,while they were increased for the num-ber of diameter class 18-36 cm/34/30 tree.In the middle and bottom of slope,Larix olgensis with large-diameter (DBH≥26 cm)was dominant,accounting for 58.6%and 60.0%,respectively.In the top of slope,middle-diam-eter (24 cm≥DBH≥12 cm)trees were dominant,accounting for 66.7%.The diameter class of species renewal under forest mainly was composed of small size tree (DBH <6 cm),like,in the bottom,middle and top of slope, the number of middle size tree (DBH 2cm -6cm)accounted for 96.3%,93.8% and 85.6%,respectively. Therefore,using near natural forest management pattern and constructing stable structure forest with uneven-aged and mixed multi-storied plantation to achieve the optimization of ecological and economic benefits in the future process of forest management is strongly needed.It was early stage of regenerative community formation.