西南林业大学学报
西南林業大學學報
서남임업대학학보
JOURNAL OF SOUTHWEST FORESTRY COLLEGE
2014年
5期
37-41
,共5页
凌帅%张丽杰%黄鑫春%张宇
凌帥%張麗傑%黃鑫春%張宇
릉수%장려걸%황흠춘%장우
长白落叶松%人工林%结构特征%辽东林区
長白落葉鬆%人工林%結構特徵%遼東林區
장백락협송%인공림%결구특정%료동림구
Larix olgensis%plantation%structure characteristics%Liaoning forest farm
为探讨长白落叶松人工林自然化过程,为经营管理其人工林提供科学依据,研究了辽东林区典型经营条件下49年生长白落叶松人工林的结构特征。结果表明,辽东林区落叶松人工林群落具有明显的自然化现象,其群落由长白落叶松、水曲柳、花曲柳等3~14个树种组成,坡下部、坡中部和坡上部依次形成了长白落叶松和水曲柳占优势,长白落叶松、花曲柳和水曲柳占优势,长白落叶松和花曲柳占优势的针阔混交林。群落中的较小径级区(2~6 cm)与较大径级区(18~36 cm/34/30)出现株数分布高峰的规律为,随自下而上的坡位环境梯度变化,群落较小径级区(2~6 cm)峰值逐渐减少,而群落较大径级区(18~36 cm/34/30)峰值逐渐增加。在坡中、下部优势树种长白落叶松大径材(胸径≥26 cm)比重大,为58.6%和60.0%,在坡上部中径材(24 cm≥胸径≥12 cm)比重大,为66.7%。林下更新树种的径级分布主要集中在6 cm以下的较小径级区域,坡下部2~6 cm径级分布数量占更新总数量的96.3%;坡中部占93.8%;坡上部占更新总数量的85.6%。更新群落形成初期阶段。
為探討長白落葉鬆人工林自然化過程,為經營管理其人工林提供科學依據,研究瞭遼東林區典型經營條件下49年生長白落葉鬆人工林的結構特徵。結果錶明,遼東林區落葉鬆人工林群落具有明顯的自然化現象,其群落由長白落葉鬆、水麯柳、花麯柳等3~14箇樹種組成,坡下部、坡中部和坡上部依次形成瞭長白落葉鬆和水麯柳佔優勢,長白落葉鬆、花麯柳和水麯柳佔優勢,長白落葉鬆和花麯柳佔優勢的針闊混交林。群落中的較小徑級區(2~6 cm)與較大徑級區(18~36 cm/34/30)齣現株數分佈高峰的規律為,隨自下而上的坡位環境梯度變化,群落較小徑級區(2~6 cm)峰值逐漸減少,而群落較大徑級區(18~36 cm/34/30)峰值逐漸增加。在坡中、下部優勢樹種長白落葉鬆大徑材(胸徑≥26 cm)比重大,為58.6%和60.0%,在坡上部中徑材(24 cm≥胸徑≥12 cm)比重大,為66.7%。林下更新樹種的徑級分佈主要集中在6 cm以下的較小徑級區域,坡下部2~6 cm徑級分佈數量佔更新總數量的96.3%;坡中部佔93.8%;坡上部佔更新總數量的85.6%。更新群落形成初期階段。
위탐토장백락협송인공림자연화과정,위경영관리기인공림제공과학의거,연구료료동림구전형경영조건하49년생장백락협송인공림적결구특정。결과표명,료동림구락협송인공림군락구유명현적자연화현상,기군락유장백락협송、수곡류、화곡류등3~14개수충조성,파하부、파중부화파상부의차형성료장백락협송화수곡류점우세,장백락협송、화곡류화수곡류점우세,장백락협송화화곡류점우세적침활혼교림。군락중적교소경급구(2~6 cm)여교대경급구(18~36 cm/34/30)출현주수분포고봉적규률위,수자하이상적파위배경제도변화,군락교소경급구(2~6 cm)봉치축점감소,이군락교대경급구(18~36 cm/34/30)봉치축점증가。재파중、하부우세수충장백락협송대경재(흉경≥26 cm)비중대,위58.6%화60.0%,재파상부중경재(24 cm≥흉경≥12 cm)비중대,위66.7%。림하경신수충적경급분포주요집중재6 cm이하적교소경급구역,파하부2~6 cm경급분포수량점경신총수량적96.3%;파중부점93.8%;파상부점경신총수량적85.6%。경신군락형성초기계단。
Structural characteristics of 49-year-old larch plantation in eastern Liaoning was researched to dis-cuss its naturalization process and then provided guidance for the management.The results showed that larch plan-tation in eastern Liaoning had obvious naturalized phenomenon,which was composed of 3 -14 species,including Larix olgensis,Fraxinus mandshurica,Fraxinus rhynchophylla and other species.In the bottom of slope,the domi-nant species were Larix olgensis and Fraxinus mandshurica,in the middle of slope,Larix olgensis,Fraxinus mand-shurica,Fraxinus rhynchophylla were dominant species,and in the top of slope,Larix olgensis and Fraxinus rhyncho-phylla were dominant species.In larch plantation community,the number of small diameter classes (2-6 cm)tree and big diameter classes(18 -36 cm/34/30)tress were change of gradient of slope position.From the bottom to top,the number of diameter class of 2-6 cm tree was gradually decreased,while they were increased for the num-ber of diameter class 18-36 cm/34/30 tree.In the middle and bottom of slope,Larix olgensis with large-diameter (DBH≥26 cm)was dominant,accounting for 58.6%and 60.0%,respectively.In the top of slope,middle-diam-eter (24 cm≥DBH≥12 cm)trees were dominant,accounting for 66.7%.The diameter class of species renewal under forest mainly was composed of small size tree (DBH <6 cm),like,in the bottom,middle and top of slope, the number of middle size tree (DBH 2cm -6cm)accounted for 96.3%,93.8% and 85.6%,respectively. Therefore,using near natural forest management pattern and constructing stable structure forest with uneven-aged and mixed multi-storied plantation to achieve the optimization of ecological and economic benefits in the future process of forest management is strongly needed.It was early stage of regenerative community formation.