CAJ | 학술논문

针对现行的湿法炼锌渣中萃取镓工艺存在调酸复杂、添加络合剂成本高、有机相损失严重等弊端，采用新型萃取剂HBL121从锌置换渣的高浓度硫酸浸出液中直接萃取镓，考察料液酸度、萃取剂浓度、萃取温度、萃取时间和相比对萃取的影响以及H2SO4浓度、反萃温度、反萃时间和反萃相比对反萃的影响，分别绘制萃取平衡等温线和反萃平衡等温线，并对萃取剂转型条件进行研究。结果表明：以有机相组成为40%HBL121(质量分数)+20%癸醇(体积分数)+磺化煤油作为萃取剂，料液酸度为108.67 g/L H 2 SO 4，其最佳萃取条件为萃取温度25℃、萃取时间10 min、相比O/A=1：1，经过4级逆流萃取，镓萃取率达到98.14%。负载有机相用200 g/L的H 2 SO 4溶液可选择性反萃镓，得到高纯度硫酸镓溶液，其最佳反萃条件为反萃温度25℃、反萃时间8 min、相比O/A=4：1。经过5级逆流反萃，反萃率可达到99.18%。反萃镓后负载有机相再用7 mol/L盐酸溶液反萃共萃的铁并转型，控制反萃温度25℃、反萃时间2 min、O/A=1.5：1，经过3级逆流反萃，铁反萃率可达到99.23%并完成转型，萃取剂循环使用。
침대현행적습법련자사중췌취가공예존재조산복잡、첨가락합제성본고、유궤상손실엄중등폐단，채용신형췌취제HBL121종자치환사적고농도류산침출액중직접췌취가，고찰료액산도、췌취제농도、췌취온도、췌취시간화상비대췌취적영향이급H2SO4농도、반췌온도、반췌시간화반췌상비대반췌적영향，분별회제췌취평형등온선화반췌평형등온선，병대췌취제전형조건진행연구。결과표명：이유궤상조성위40%HBL121(질량분수)+20%계순(체적분수)+광화매유작위췌취제，료액산도위108.67 g/L H 2 SO 4，기최가췌취조건위췌취온도25℃、췌취시간10 min、상비O/A=1：1，경과4급역류췌취，가췌취솔체도98.14%。부재유궤상용200 g/L적H 2 SO 4용액가선택성반췌가，득도고순도류산가용액，기최가반췌조건위반췌온도25℃、반췌시간8 min、상비O/A=4：1。경과5급역류반췌，반췌솔가체도99.18%。반췌가후부재유궤상재용7 mol/L염산용액반췌공췌적철병전형，공제반췌온도25℃、반췌시간2 min、O/A=1.5：1，경과3급역류반췌，철반췌솔가체도99.23%병완성전형，췌취제순배사용。
The extraction of gallium from high sulfuric acid leach solution of zinc replacing slag by a new extractant HBL121 was carried out based on the problems in the existing extracting process of gallium from zinc smelting slag in hydrometallurgy, such as complex acidity adjusting step, high complexing agent cost, and serious organic phase loss. The effects of feed acidity, extractant concentration, extraction temperature, extraction time and extraction phase ratio on the extraction, and the effects of H2SO4 concentration, stripping temperature, stripping time and stripping phase ratio on the stripping of gallium were investigated. The isotherms of the extraction and stripping were plotted, and the conditions of extractant transformation were researched. The results show that with 40% HBL121 (mass fraction) and 20%(volume fraction) in sulphonated kerosene as extractant, the extraction rate of gallium from the solution with 108.67 g/L H 2 SO 4 reaches 98.14% in four-stage counter current extraction with O/A ratio of 1:1 at 25 ℃ for 10 min. Gallium in loaded organic phase can be selectively stripped using 200 g/L H 2 SO 4 solution and the stripping rate reaches 99.18% in five-stage counter current stripping with O/A ratio of 4:1 at 25℃for 8 min. After gallium stripping, the iron in loaded organic phase can be stripped using 7 mol/L HCl solution and the stripping rate of iron reaches 99.23% in three-stage counter current stripping with O/A ratio of 1.5:1 at 25℃for 2 min. The extractant returns to extraction circularly.