CAJ | 학술논문

氨基酸是胎儿生长发育、蛋白质生物合成和核酸代谢以及神经发育等的重要前体物质，氨基酸从母体到胎儿的转运及其代谢对生命活动具有极其重要的意义。谷氨酸（ Glu）和谷氨酰胺（Gln）是胎盘组织中最丰富，也是妊娠后期猪胎儿中沉积最多的氨基酸；而 Glu 是由胎儿血浆净输出的唯一氨基酸，Gln 转运到胎儿循环中速率最高。母体、胎盘和胎儿之间 Glu-Gln 循环、交换和代谢对胎儿生长发育具有关键的作用，可能是母体与胎儿发育之间的主要介导途径。本文综述了胎盘胎儿复合体 Glu-Gln 代谢规律、生理功能及其可能的调控机制，探讨了 N-氨甲酰谷氨酸对胎盘胎儿复合体中 Glu-Gln 循环的影响及其调控机制，为 Glu-Gln 在胎盘胎儿复合体的代谢及其调控的研究提供参考。
안기산시태인생장발육、단백질생물합성화핵산대사이급신경발육등적중요전체물질，안기산종모체도태인적전운급기대사대생명활동구유겁기중요적의의。곡안산（ Glu）화곡안선알（Gln）시태반조직중최봉부，야시임신후기저태인중침적최다적안기산；이 Glu 시유태인혈장정수출적유일안기산，Gln 전운도태인순배중속솔최고。모체、태반화태인지간 Glu-Gln 순배、교환화대사대태인생장발육구유관건적작용，가능시모체여태인발육지간적주요개도도경。본문종술료태반태인복합체 Glu-Gln 대사규률、생리공능급기가능적조공궤제，탐토료 N-안갑선곡안산대태반태인복합체중 Glu-Gln 순배적영향급기조공궤제，위 Glu-Gln 재태반태인복합체적대사급기조공적연구제공삼고。
Amino acids are important precursor substances for the development and growth of fetus,the bio-synthesis of proteins,metabolism of nucleotides,and neurodevelopment. The transfer from mother to fetus and its metabolites of amino acids are extremely important for life activities. Glutamate and glutamine are the most abundant in placenta,and the maximum deposition of amino acids in fetus of pigs during late pregnancy. Gluta-mate is the only amino acid net output from the fetal plasma,and glutamine transported to the fetal circulation with the highest rate. Glutamate-glutamine cycle,exchange and metabolism between mother,placenta and fetus play a key role on fetal growth and development. This may be the main mediated pathway between maternal and fetal development. This paper reviews glutamate-glutamine metabolic,physiological functions and possible regulating mechanism in placenta-fetus unit,and the effect of N-carbamoylglutamate on glutamate-glutamine cycle in placenta-fetus unit and the regulating mechanism,to provide a reference for the study of metabolism and its regulation of glutamate-glutamine in placenta-fetus unit.