CAJ | 학술논문

目的：调查上海嘉定地区变应性鼻炎患者变应原的种类、分布，以及与年龄、居住环境、季节之间的相关性。方法应用11种国产的标准化变应原点刺液对常住上海嘉定区624例变应性鼻炎患者进行皮肤点刺试验(SPT)，分析11种变应原的分布特点以及在不同季节的阳性率。分别按年龄、居住环境来源将患者分组，比较不同年龄、居住地之间变应原阳性率的差异。结果嘉定区变应性鼻炎患者变应原皮试的总体阳性率为75.5%，变应原中以粉尘螨、屋尘螨阳性率最高，其次为混合花粉、动物皮毛；SPT阳性春、秋季高于冬、夏季(P<0.05)，儿童高于成人(P<0.05)，居住在城乡结合部者高于居住在城镇及农村者(P<0.05)。结论上海嘉定区变应性鼻炎患者的变应原整体阳性率较高，主要变应原为粉尘瞒、屋尘瞒；皮试阳性率以春、秋较高，儿童高于成人，居住于城乡结合部的患者较高。
목적：조사상해가정지구변응성비염환자변응원적충류、분포，이급여년령、거주배경、계절지간적상관성。방법응용11충국산적표준화변응원점자액대상주상해가정구624례변응성비염환자진행피부점자시험(SPT)，분석11충변응원적분포특점이급재불동계절적양성솔。분별안년령、거주배경래원장환자분조，비교불동년령、거주지지간변응원양성솔적차이。결과가정구변응성비염환자변응원피시적총체양성솔위75.5%，변응원중이분진만、옥진만양성솔최고，기차위혼합화분、동물피모；SPT양성춘、추계고우동、하계(P<0.05)，인동고우성인(P<0.05)，거주재성향결합부자고우거주재성진급농촌자(P<0.05)。결론상해가정구변응성비염환자적변응원정체양성솔교고，주요변응원위분진만、옥진만；피시양성솔이춘、추교고，인동고우성인，거주우성향결합부적환자교고。
Objective To investigate the allergens type, distribution of patients with allergic rhinitis, and its relation-ship with age, living environment, season. Methods A total of 624 cases who were diagnosed with allergic rhinitis were underwent skin prick test (SPT) with 11 standardized aeroallergens. The distribution characteristics of 11 kinds of aller-gens and the positive rates of different season were analyzed. The samples were stratified to different groups according to age and living areas respectively. Differences of positive rate in SPT of those groups were compared. Results The percent of patients with positive skin tests in Jiading District of Shanghai was 75.5%. Among all allergens, the positive SPT rate of dermatophagoides farina and dermatophagoides pteronyssinus were highest, followed by pollen mixture and aimal skins. The positive rate of SPT in spring and autumn was higher than that in summer and winter (P < 0.05). There was significantly higher positive rate of SPT among children compared with adults (P < 0.05). There was also higher positive rate of SPT among patients lived in rural-urban fringe zone compared with patients lived in rural or ur-ban (P< 0.05). Conclusion In Shanghai Jiading District allergen positive rate of patients with allergic rhinitis is high, dermatophagoides farina and dermatophagoides pteronyssinus are the most common allergens. The positive rate of SPT in autumn and spring, in children and in patients lived in rural-urban fringe zone are higher.