CAJ | 학술논문

大客车与行人碰撞造成的行人伤亡不容忽视。为预防这类交通伤害，该文研究了大客车与行人碰撞中的行人运动响应及损伤参数。运用多体动力学软件，建立了基于某客车前部结构的计算机仿真模型；根据行人步态参数、大客车前部结构参数和不同碰撞条件，进行了计算机仿真分析。结果表明：行人初始姿态及客车前部几何特征决定了碰撞后行人旋转方向及抛出形态；碰撞速度超过40 km/h时，大客车对行人易造成致命性伤害。限制大客车行驶速度，均匀降低大客车前部结构刚度，以及在保证客车通过性前提下减小大客车前部离地间隙，这3种方法可以降低行人伤亡风险。
대객차여행인팽당조성적행인상망불용홀시。위예방저류교통상해，해문연구료대객차여행인팽당중적행인운동향응급손상삼수。운용다체동역학연건，건립료기우모객차전부결구적계산궤방진모형；근거행인보태삼수、대객차전부결구삼수화불동팽당조건，진행료계산궤방진분석。결과표명：행인초시자태급객차전부궤하특정결정료팽당후행인선전방향급포출형태；팽당속도초과40 km/h시，대객차대행인역조성치명성상해。한제대객차행사속도，균균강저대객차전부결구강도，이급재보증객차통과성전제하감소대객차전부리지간극，저3충방법가이강저행인상망풍험。
Bus impacts induced pedestrian casualties should not be neglected. To prevent these vehicle trafifc injuries, the dynamic responses and the injury biomechanics were investigated for the pedestrian moving response in bus-pedestrian col isions. A computer model was developed for a production bus by using a multi-body (MB) dynamics program. Computer simulations were carried out in terms of the pedestrian walking postures, the bus front-structure design-parameters, and the different impact conditions. The results show that the pedestrian initial state and the bus-front geometry characteristics determine the rotation orientation and the thrown patterns of pedestrians. Pedestrians suffer usual y fatal injuries when impact speed exceeds 40 km/h. Restricting the bus travel speed, reducing evenly the bus front structure stiffness, and reducing the bus front ground clearance within proper trafifc ability, the three methods can minimize pedestrian injury risks.