运筹与管理
運籌與管理
운주여관리
OPERATIONS RESEARCH AND MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
2014年
3期
136-145
,共10页
王文宾%陈祥东%达庆利%聂锐%陈伟达
王文賓%陳祥東%達慶利%聶銳%陳偉達
왕문빈%진상동%체경리%섭예%진위체
逆向供应链%制造商竞争%博弈论%政府奖惩机制%回收率
逆嚮供應鏈%製造商競爭%博弈論%政府獎懲機製%迴收率
역향공응련%제조상경쟁%박혁론%정부장징궤제%회수솔
reverse supply chain%manufacturer competition%game theory%government ’ s premium and penalty mechanism%collection rate
主要运用博弈论方法探讨制造商竞争环境下的逆向供应链奖惩机制,建立了5个决策模型,分别是逆向供应链集中式决策、以逆向供应链和不回收再制造的制造商的总利润为目标决策、逆向供应链分散式决策、政府对制造商实施奖惩机制以及政府对回收商实施奖惩机制下逆向供应链的决策模型。研究表明:竞争对回收率提高有益,竞争越激烈回收率越高;积极回收再制造的制造商的新产品零售价较低,具有价格竞争优势;奖惩制造商和奖惩回收商均能起到提高回收率的作用,奖惩力度越大,回收率越高,新产品零售价越低;奖惩制造商比奖惩回收商更能调动制造商和回收商的积极性;奖惩制造商时的回购价高于奖惩回收商时的回购价;在实施奖惩机制时,回收再制造的制造商利润高于不回收再制造的制造商的利润;不回收再制造的制造商的利润随奖惩力度的增大而降低。
主要運用博弈論方法探討製造商競爭環境下的逆嚮供應鏈獎懲機製,建立瞭5箇決策模型,分彆是逆嚮供應鏈集中式決策、以逆嚮供應鏈和不迴收再製造的製造商的總利潤為目標決策、逆嚮供應鏈分散式決策、政府對製造商實施獎懲機製以及政府對迴收商實施獎懲機製下逆嚮供應鏈的決策模型。研究錶明:競爭對迴收率提高有益,競爭越激烈迴收率越高;積極迴收再製造的製造商的新產品零售價較低,具有價格競爭優勢;獎懲製造商和獎懲迴收商均能起到提高迴收率的作用,獎懲力度越大,迴收率越高,新產品零售價越低;獎懲製造商比獎懲迴收商更能調動製造商和迴收商的積極性;獎懲製造商時的迴購價高于獎懲迴收商時的迴購價;在實施獎懲機製時,迴收再製造的製造商利潤高于不迴收再製造的製造商的利潤;不迴收再製造的製造商的利潤隨獎懲力度的增大而降低。
주요운용박혁론방법탐토제조상경쟁배경하적역향공응련장징궤제,건립료5개결책모형,분별시역향공응련집중식결책、이역향공응련화불회수재제조적제조상적총리윤위목표결책、역향공응련분산식결책、정부대제조상실시장징궤제이급정부대회수상실시장징궤제하역향공응련적결책모형。연구표명:경쟁대회수솔제고유익,경쟁월격렬회수솔월고;적겁회수재제조적제조상적신산품령수개교저,구유개격경쟁우세;장징제조상화장징회수상균능기도제고회수솔적작용,장징력도월대,회수솔월고,신산품령수개월저;장징제조상비장징회수상경능조동제조상화회수상적적겁성;장징제조상시적회구개고우장징회수상시적회구개;재실시장징궤제시,회수재제조적제조상리윤고우불회수재제조적제조상적리윤;불회수재제조적제조상적리윤수장징력도적증대이강저。
Mainly considering the premium and penalty mechanism of reverse supply chain under manufacturers ’ competition environment, using game theory, we build 5 models, which are centralized decision-making of reverse supply chain , the total profits decision-making based on the profits of reverse supply chain and the manu-facturer who does not collect waste products , decentralized decision-making with no premium and penalty mecha-nism, government ’ s premium and penalty mechanisms for the manufacturers and recyclers of reverse supply chain.The study presents several conclusions .Competition is beneficial to raising collection rate and the more intense the competition , the higher the collection rate;the retail price of new products offered by manufacturers actively recycling is lower , which brings about price-competitive advantage .The fourth and fifth scenarios play a part in increasing collection rate , and the greater premium and penalty , the higher collection rate , the lower retail price of new products .It is more efficient for the government to offer them premium mechanism rather than the premium and penalty mechanism , sine the former is valid for increasing both the manufacturer and the collec-tor’ s enthusiasm .The buyback price of the fourth scenario is higher than that of the fifth scenario .With premi-um and penalty mechanism the profit of manufacturer who collects waste products is higher than that of manufac -turer who does not collect waste products .The profit of manufacturer , who does not collect waste products , decreases with the increase of the degree of premium and penalty .